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PubMed · 10372997

Clarithromycin for experimental Staphylococcus aureus keratitis.

E B Hume·J M Moreau·L L Conerly·B M Cannon·J J Dajcs·J M Hill·R J O'Callaghan
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Abstract

PURPOSE: Clarithromycin, a macrolide antibiotic not previously tested against the common causes of bacterial keratitis, was analyzed for its effectiveness in reducing the number of viable bacteria in a Staphylococcus keratitis model. An in vivo comparison of the effectiveness of clarithromycin to erythromycin, minocycline, and tetracycline for three strains of Staphylococcus aureus was done. METHODS: Rabbit eyes were intrastromally injected with 100 colony forming units of one of three strains of S. aureus. Two strains were methicillin-sensitive (ATCC 25923 and MSSA 309) and one strain methicillin-resistant (COL). Eyes were treated every 30 minutes with 0.3% clarithromycin, erythromycin, tetracycline, or minocycline from 4 to 9 hours postinfection. The number of colony forming units (CFU) per cornea in all eyes was determined at 10 hours postinfection. RESULTS: Vehicle-treated and untreated eyes (controls) contained over 6 logs of CFU per cornea, a value significantly higher than any of the antibiotic-treated eyes (P < or = 0.0001). Clarithromycin or erythromycin therapy significantly decreased the number of CFU per cornea by approximately 5 logs in the eyes infected with the methicillin-sensitive strains and by approximately 4 logs in the eyes infected with the methicillin-resistant strain. Tetracycline and minocycline were also successful in treating these strains, but overall showed less effectiveness than clarithromycin and erythromycin. CONCLUSIONS: Clarithromycin proved to be an effective ocular medication for the therapy of experimental S. aureus keratitis. The effectiveness of clarithromycin in this model and its known effectiveness for a variety of bacterial pathogens suggests a role for this drug as a useful ocular antibiotic.

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AnimalsAnti-Bacterial AgentsClarithromycinColony Count, MicrobialErythromycinKeratitisMinocyclineRabbitsStaphylococcal InfectionsStaphylococcus aureusTetracyclineComparative StudyJournal ArticleResearch Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.

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E B Hume, J M Moreau, L L Conerly, B M Cannon, J J Dajcs, J M Hill, R J O'Callaghan. 1999. Clarithromycin for experimental Staphylococcus aureus keratitis.. https://doi.org/10.1076/ceyr.18.5.358.5350

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