PubMed Health⌕ Search
Home/Archive/PubMed

PubMed · 10492916

Deoxyribonucleic acid typing methods for medically important microorganisms.

D W Williams·M J Wilson·M A Lewis
View original source ↗Export metadata ↓

Abstract

The ability to type microorganisms to a sub-species level plays an essential role in the diagnosis, treatment and control of human infection. Traditionally, differentiation of microorganisms has involved analysis of phenotypic markers. However, these methods are not universally applicable to all microorganisms, and results may be influenced by environmental factors. Recent developments in DNA analysis, together with the limitations of phenotypic methods, have resulted in an increasing use of procedures based on DNA analysis for the typing of clinically important microorganisms. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of the advantages and disadvantages of the genetic typing techniques currently available.

Explore related subjects

Bacterial Typing TechniquesDNA, BacterialElectrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-FieldHumansMycological Typing TechniquesPolymerase Chain ReactionJournal ArticleReview

Keep this discovery

Explore connections, maps & timelines

BibTeXRIS

D W Williams, M J Wilson, M A Lewis. 1999. Deoxyribonucleic acid typing methods for medically important microorganisms.. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10492916/

Cite the original work for its findings. Save a collection to share your selection of sources.

KEEP EXPLORING

Related citations

PubMed2026

Isolation and characterization of two novel species Neorhizobium fuzhouense sp. nov. and Neotabrizicola paludis sp. nov.

Two novel aerobic bacterial strains, designated SGZ-38T and sgz301269T, were isolated from the root of Pennisetum sp. and paddy soil, respectively. Strain SGZ-38T grew at 10-40 ℃ (optimum 30 °C) and pH 5.0-12.0 (optimum 6.5) and tolerated up to 1.0% NaCl (w/v), whereas strain sgz301269T grew at 15-37 °C (optimum 30 °C), pH 5.0-9.5 (optimum 7.0) and 0-2% NaCl (optimum 0%). Phylogenetic trees based on the 16S rRNA gene and genomes placed both strains into distinct lineages, forming separated clades from their closest relatives. Strain SGZ-381T exhibited the highest 16S rRNA gene similarities to "Neorhizobium deserti" ACCC 61627T (97.4%), and strain sgz301269T had the highest 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity to Neotabrizicola shimadae N10T (97.6%). The respiratory quinone in both strains was ubiquinone-10. The main fatty acids of SGZ-381T were Summed feature 8, Summed feature 2 and C16:0, whereas strain sgz301269T included C10:0 3OH, C18:0 3OH and Summed feature 8. The DNA G+C content of SGZ-381T and sgz301269T was 62.1% and 65.5%, respectively. The average nucleotide identity and digital DNA-DNA hybridization values between each strain and their respective closest species were 74.6% and 20.1%, 75.3% and 17.4% respectively, below the thresholds for species delineation. Based on the comprehensive chemotaxonomic, phylogenetic, and phenotypic evidence, proposed names of the novel strains are Neorhizobium fuzhouense sp. nov. (type strain SGZ-381T=GDMCC1.4207T=JCM 36770T), Neotabrizicola paludis sp. nov. (type strain sgz301269T=MCCC 1K09178T=KCTC 8856T).

Bacterial Typing Techniques↗
PubMed2002

The clinical role of Alloiococcus otitidis in otitis media with effusion.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the presence of Alloiococcus otitidis (A. otitidis) in MEEs from patients with otitis media with effusion (OME) using PCR and to correlate the findings with the clinical picture of children with OME for assessing the clinical role of A. otitidis in OME. METHODS: Bacterial culture and PCR were used to detect A. otitidis, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae and Moraxella catarrhalis in MEE samples from 123 patients with OME. The culture and PCR results and the clinical picture of the patients were compared. RESULTS: Bacteria were cultured in 55 (45%) of the 123 MEEs, and major pathogens (S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae and M. catarrhalis) were found in 40 (33%); A. otitidis was not found in culture. PCR of the MEEs yielded positive results for one or more of the four tested pathogens in 108 (88%) of the samples and 25 (20%) were positive for A. otitidis. The effusions that persisted 3 months or longer had a higher prevalence of A. otitidis than those with shorter durations (P=0.03). A. otitidis was found to be more often positive in PCR in mucoid MEEs than in mucoserous MEEs (30 vs. 9%; P=0.015). CONCLUSIONS: While A. otitidis is extremely difficult to detect with bacterial culture, PCR provides a sensitive and specific means for detecting it. A. otitidis is associated with a more prolonged course and mucoid MEEs in OME. Thus, its existence seems to be related to a more chronic stage of OME, but its pathogenic potential should be the subject of further investigation.

Bacterial Typing Techniques↗