Maintenance therapy.

H Saito; T Saijo

Home/Archive/PubMed

PubMed · 10560895

Maintenance therapy.

H Saito·T Saijo

View original source ↗Export metadata ↓

Abstract

This algorithm for patients recovered from acute exacerbation consists of 18 lines. The choice of the initial treatment depends on whether it is the first episode or one of multiple episodes. The patient who has not had a relapse during the last 3 years should be treated in the same way to the patient recovering from a first episode. When patients do not recur for 6 months with a half-dose of neuroleptics after gradual tapering, the clinician may discontinue the neuroleptics over several months. The clinician, in cases of discontinuation, needs to consider several issues including psychosocial interventions.

Explore related subjects

Acute Disease Algorithms Antipsychotic Agents Humans Long-Term Care Recurrence Schizophrenia Schizophrenic Psychology Journal Article Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Review

Keep this discovery

Explore connections, maps & timelines

BibTeX RIS

H Saito, T Saijo. 1999. Maintenance therapy.. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10560895/

Cite the original work for its findings. Save a collection to share your selection of sources.

KEEP EXPLORING

Related citations

PubMed2001

Multifractal texture analysis of perfusion lung scans as a potential diagnostic tool for acute pulmonary embolism.

A computer-assisted diagnostic (CAD) tool was developed for the diagnosis of acute pulmonary embolism (PE) in perfusion lung scans. Forty-five scans (with angiographic proof) were included in the study. The CAD tool was composed of two modules. The first module performs multifractal texture analysis on the posterior view of the perfusion scan. The second module is a decision algorithm that merges the multifractal parameters into a diagnosis regarding the presence or absence of PE. Linear and non-linear decision models were evaluated for the diagnostic task. A consensus neural network significantly outperformed all decision models including the physicians.

Acute Disease↗

PubMed2001

Loss of noradrenaline transporter sites in frontal cortex of rats with acute (ischemic) liver failure.

There is increasing evidence that central noradrenaline (NA) transport mechanisms are implicated in the central nervous system complications of acute liver failure. In order to assess this possibility, binding sites for the high affinity NA transporter ligand [3H]-nisoxetine were measured by quantitative receptor autoradiography in the brains of rats with acute liver failure resulting from hepatic devascularization and in appropriate controls. In vivo microdialysis was used to measure extracellular brain concentrations of NA. Severe encephalopathy resulted in a significant loss of [3H]-nisoxetine sites in frontal cortex and a concomitant increase in extracellular brain concentrations of NA in rats with acute liver failure. A loss of transporter sites was also observed in thalamus of rats with acute liver failure. This loss of NA transporter sites could result from depletion of central NA stores due to a reserpine-like effect of ammonia which is known to accumulate to millimolar concentrations in brain in ischemic liver failure. Impaired NA transport and the consequent increase in synaptic concentrations and increased stimulation of neuronal and astrocytic noradrenergic receptors could be implicated in the pathogenesis of the encephalopathy and brain edema characteristic of acute liver failure.

Acute Disease↗

PubMed2000

Human ageing and the sympathoadrenal system.

Over the past three decades the changes in sympathoadrenal function that occur with age in healthy adult humans have been systematically studied using a combination of neurochemical, neurophysiological and haemodynamic experimental approaches. The available experimental evidence indicates that tonic whole-body sympathetic nervous system (SNS) activity increases with age. The elevations in SNS activity appear to be region specific, targeting skeletal muscle and the gut, but not obviously the kidney. The SNS tone of the heart is increased, although this appears to be due in part to reduced neuronal reuptake of noradrenaline (norepinephrine). In contrast to SNS activity, tonic adrenaline (epinephrine) secretion from the adrenal medulla is markedly reduced with age. This is not reflected in plasma adrenaline concentrations because of reduced plasma clearance. Despite widely held beliefs to the contrary, sympathoadrenal responsiveness to acute stress is not exaggerated with age in healthy adults. Indeed, adrenaline release in response to acute stress is substantially attenuated in older men. The mechanisms underlying the age-associated increases in SNS activity have not been established, but our preliminary data are consistent with increased subcortical central nervous system (CNS) sympathetic drive. These changes in sympathoadrenal function with advancing age may have a number of important physiological and pathophysiological consequences for human health and disease.

Acute Disease↗