PubMed · 10599424
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E Shapiro. 1999. New concepts on the normal and abnormal developing bladder.. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-4737-2_15
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Fetus in fetu is an extremely rare entity and refers to the growth of a "parasitic" twin within a more mature fetus due to its inclusion within cells of the blastocyst. The presence of a vertebral column is considered essential for the diagnosis of a fetus in fetu. The retroperitoneum is the most common location for a fetus in fetu and its location in the mouth is rare. We report a case of oropharyngeal mass detected on antenatal sonography with imaging features consistent with a fetus in fetu. Complete surgical removal of the mass was aided by imaging. Follow-up of these patients is recommended to detect the rare incidence of malignant degeneration.
The aim of this study was to elucidate the distribution of nerve growth factor receptor (NGFR) in the prenatal human pituitary gland until 21 weeks of gestation. Eight fetuses, with gestational ages from 13 to 21 weeks, were examined. The midaxial tissue block from the cranial base, including the pituitary gland and the sella turcica, was excised from the fetuses. The tissue was decalcified, embedded in paraffin, and cut in serial sections in 4-micro thicknesses. Immunohistochemistry was performed with monoclonal antibody p75-NGFR. p75-NGFR immunoreactivity was observed in fetuses from 15 weeks of gestation in the borderline between pars intermedia and the neurohypophysis.
It is noted that the vertebral artery lies buried in a sea of generalities, prejudices, fear, and ignorance in the clinical literature. This fact is the reason why this observation is based on 11 cases, selected from 206 fetal cases, of various duplications of the vertebral artery. Aberrant or anastomotic vessels are illustrated and their definition is largely modified according to the recent anatomic terminology. Duplications of the vertebral artery indicate the 'segmental duplication' as a first form, and the presence of an abnormal 'fenestra' in the vessel's trunk as a second form of duplication. There are 9 (5 at prevertebral and 4 at intracranial parts) or 4.36% cases of 'segmental duplication' of the vertebral artery and 2 or 0.98% 'arteria vertebralis unifenestrata' at the intracranial part of all 206 cases. Successive morphological parameters of aberrant or anastomotic vessels are described and discussed according to personal cases and cases in the literature.