PubMed · 10644247
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A E Taylor, T M Moore. 1999. Capillary fluid exchange.. https://doi.org/10.1152/advances.1999.277.6.s203
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Microcirculatory disorders play a major role in the development of organ failure in a variety of conditions. Perfusion changes may be visualized by static and dynamic methods, with direct and indirect techniques. Orthogonal polarization spectral imaging is a novel method of imaging the human microcirculation. The technique employs reflected light without fluorescent dyes and allows clinical assessment of the dynamic of the microvascular network of internal solid organs. Principles of the technique and indications of use are briefly discussed.
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In this study we investigate the equations governing the transport of oxygen in pulmonary capillaries. We use a mathematical model consisting of a red blood cell completely surrounded by plasma within a cylindrical pulmonary capillary. This model takes account of convection and diffusion of oxygen through plasma, diffusion of oxygen through the red blood cell, and the reaction between oxygen and haemoglobin molecules. The velocity field within the plasma is calculated by solving the slow flow equations. We investigate the effect on the solution of the governing equations of: (i) mixed-venous blood oxygen partial pressure (the initial conditions); (ii) alveolar gas oxygen partial pressure (the boundary conditions); (iii) neglecting the convection term; and (iv) assuming an instantaneous reaction between the oxygen and haemoglobin molecules. It is found that: (a) equilibrium is reached much more rapidly for high values of mixed-venous blood and alveolar gas oxygen partial pressure; (b) the convection term has a negligible effect on the time taken to reach a prescribed degree of equilibrium; and (c) an instantaneous reaction may be assumed. Explanations are given for each of these results.