PubMed · 1077275
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E Ulrich. 1976. [Orofacial system].. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1077275/
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Early evidence for the use of splints can be seen in ancient civilizations, but the concept of Splinting teeth to support and immobilize teeth, by joining several teeth together continues to be a topic of controversy. Splints can be classified based on their purpose and duration of use, the way of fabrication, and the location of the splinted teeth in the jaw. The biomechanical mechanism of splint is related to the mechanism of tooth mobility. The indications for splint usage in the healthy and diseased periodontium are variable, among them are: prevention of mobility after acute trauma, for occlusal therapy, to allow function, to allow periodontal repair, in case of occlusal trauma, to prevent teeth drifting after orthodontic treatment or when a tooth is missing. Due to the many disadvantages splints have, splinting should be used cautiously, specially in splinting teeth and implants.
This review, divided into two parts, evaluates the literature on the relationship between dental occlusion and temporomandibular disorders (TMD) and the need for occlusal therapy in the management of TMD. The first part of the review focuses on the aetiological importance of occlusal interferences and the place of occlusal adjustment in the management and prevention of signs and symptoms of TMD. This has long been a controversial issue, which has not yet been resolved. The literature does not give strong support for the role of occlusion in the aetiology of TMD. Experienced clinicians also repudiate the need for occlusal adjustment in the management of TMD, whereas (less experienced) general dentists adhere to a concept focusing on the occlusion in diagnosis and treatment of TMD. There is a consensus that generalized prophylactic occlusal adjustment is not justified. There is an obvious need for research with evidence-based methods, to be able to answer the many remaining questions in this field.