PubMed Health⌕ Search
Home/Archive/PubMed

PubMed · 10858897

Biomaterials in functional reconstruction.

F Desgrandchamps
View original source ↗Export metadata ↓

Abstract

Recent initiatives in the development of biomaterials for functional reconstruction involve the alloplasts, the biological and the bioengineered biomaterials. Anti-infective alloplastic biomaterials (Foley catheters coated with rifampicin/minocycline bonded to silicone or ciprofloxacin liposome-containing hydrogel) allow a reduction in the rate of bacterial contamination, but the risk of future bacterial resistance is a matter for concern. New generations of biologic collagen-based tissue-matrix grafts are derived from bladder (bladder acellular matrix graft and bladder submucosa collagen matrix), ureter or small intestine (subintestinal submucosa). There are high hopes that these materials may have applications in augmentation cystoplasty. Using tissue engineering (autologous cells expanded in vitro and grafted onto biodegradable matrix), biocompatible malleable penile prostheses have been obtained experimentally. Most of the results obtained with these new biomaterials are exclusively experimental, but they offer great hope for future functional reconstruction of the urinary tract.

Explore related subjects

Bacterial InfectionsBiocompatible MaterialsBiodegradation, EnvironmentalDrug Resistance, MicrobialFemaleHumansMalePostoperative ComplicationsProstheses and ImplantsPlastic Surgery ProceduresUrogenital AbnormalitiesUrogenital Surgical ProceduresJournal ArticleReview

Keep this discovery

Explore connections, maps & timelines

BibTeXRIS

F Desgrandchamps. 2000. Biomaterials in functional reconstruction.. https://doi.org/10.1097/00042307-200005000-00003

Cite the original work for its findings. Save a collection to share your selection of sources.

KEEP EXPLORING

Related citations

PubMed2007

Persistent bacterial infections and primary immune disorders.

Mycobacteria, Salmonella and Helicobacter species have all evolved mechanisms to evade host defenses and cause persistent infection in humans. Host control of mycobacteria and Salmonella is largely achieved by the IFN-gamma/IL-12 pathway. Immune disorders affecting this pathway are characterized by disseminated infections with environmental or nontuberculous mycobacteria. Helicobacter is a predominantly extracellular bacterium that uses its remarkable genetic diversity (as well as other mechanisms) in order to evade host defenses. The importance of humoral immunity in containing Helicobacter infections to the mucosal surface is illustrated by the primary immune disorder, X-linked agammaglobulinemia in which patients are prone to chronic bacteremia and skin infections by Helicobacter and related species such as Flexispira and Campylobacter. Exploration of these particular infections in their specific immune defects sheds light on both host and bacterial mechanisms that have implications for pathogenesis and therapy.

Bacterial Infections↗
PubMed2007

The importance of vaccination.

We have vaccines for nearly thirty of the more than seventy infectious diseases which are pathogenic for humans. Most of the vaccines, especially those to prevent childhood diseases, are highly effective with a high safety profile. Vaccines are being developed against many of the other bacteria and viruses, and some parasites. Occasionally, a new vaccine has to be withdrawn because of unexpected side effects. Smallpox remains the only infectious disease to have been eradicated. The Global Program to eradicate poliomyelitis initiated in 1988, has unfortunately run into difficulties. A few children immunised with the Sabin oral vaccine fail to clear the virus which can mutate over some years into a pathogenic form and spread rapidly unless large vaccination programs are re-introduced. Of major concern are emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases, especially HIV, for which there is currently no vaccine. Fortunately, new techniques are becoming available making it possible to consider developing vaccines based on inducing strong cell-mediated immune responses to control the agent's replication when antigenic variation in surface antigens (e.g. HIV, influenza) makes classical techniques based on induction of antibody responses less attractive.

Bacterial Infections↗