PubMed Health⌕ Search

PubMed · 10920834

Anemia.

Abstract

PURPOSE/OBJECTIVES: To review the current knowledge of anemia associated with cancer management and nursing interventions. DATA SOURCES: Published theory, research, and clinical practice sources. DATA SYNTHESIS: Anemia often is overlooked as a priority associated with quality patient care. The diagnosis of cancer and associated treatments magnify the incidence of anemia among the cancer population. Untreated anemia negatively affects the success of radiation therapy, activities of daily living, quality of life, and morbidity and mortality. CONCLUSIONS: Identifying the underlying cause(s) of anemia in patients with cancer is critical to positive care outcomes and requires early nursing assessment and interventions. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING PRACTICE: Nurses play a critical role in maintaining and improving well-being and quality of life of patients at risk for anemia by understanding erythropoiesis, pathophysiology, nursing assessment (including laboratory data assessment), and nursing interventions related to anemia.

Explore related subjects

Keep this discovery

Explore connections, maps & timelines

BibTeXRIS

M Loney, C Chernecky. 2000. Anemia.. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10920834/

Cite the original work for its findings. Save a collection to share your selection of sources.

KEEP EXPLORING

Related citations

Erythropoietin restores the anemia-induced reduction in radiosensitivity of experimental human tumors in nude mice.

PURPOSE: The effect of recombinant human erythropoietin (rhEPO) on the radiosensitivity of human tumor xenografts growing in anemic and nonanemic nude mice was studied. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Anemia was induced by total body irradiation ([TBI], 2 x 4 Gy) of mice before tumor implantation into the subcutis of the hind leg. The development of anemia was prevented by rhEPO (750 U/kg s.c.) given 3 times weekly starting 2 weeks before TBI. Fourteen days after fractionated TBI (tumor volume of approx. 40 mm(3)), single-dose irradiation of the tumor with varying doses was performed so that in full dose-response relationship for the probability of tumor cure was obtained. RESULTS: Radiation-induced anemia (hemoglobin concentration [cHb] = 9.9 g/dl) led to a reduced radiosensitivity compared to controls [49.4 vs. 40.1 Gy radiation dose to control 50% of the tumors (TCD50)]. Upon rhEPO treatment for anemia prevention (cHb = 13.3 g/dl), the TCD50 was 39.8 Gy, illustrating restored radiosensitivity compared to anemic mice. CONCLUSION: These data provide further experimental evidence for restored radiosensitivity upon prevention of anemia with rhEPO.

Anemia↗

Hepcidin, a key regulator of iron metabolism and mediator of anemia of inflammation.

Human hepcidin, a 25-amino acid peptide made by hepatocytes, may be a new mediator of innate immunity and the long-sought iron-regulatory hormone. The synthesis of hepcidin is greatly stimulated by inflammation or by iron overload. Evidence from transgenic mouse models indicates that hepcidin is the predominant negative regulator of iron absorption in the small intestine, iron transport across the placenta, and iron release from macrophages. The key role of hepcidin is confirmed by the presence of nonsense mutations in the hepcidin gene, homozygous in the affected members, in 2 families with severe juvenile hemochromatosis. Recent evidence shows that deficient hepcidin response to iron loading may contribute to iron overload even in the much milder common form of hemochromatosis, from mutations in the HFE gene. In anemia of inflammation, hepcidin production is increased up to 100-fold and this may account for the defining feature of this condition, sequestration of iron in macrophages. The discovery of hepcidin and its role in iron metabolism could lead to new therapies for hemochromatosis and anemia of inflammation.

Anemia↗