PubMed · 10935623
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M J Dixon, D Smilek, C Cudahy, P M Merikle. 2000-07-27. Five plus two equals yellow.. https://doi.org/10.1038/35019148
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The spatial and temporal properties of human colour vision are examined using isoluminant, red--green and blue--yellow tritanopic gratings. Chromatic sensitivity is found to be low-pass as a function of both spatial and temporal frequency along all the chromatic axes investigated, including the tritanopic confusion lines employed to examine the properties of the S-cone driven mechanism. Comparison of sensitivity to on-off and contrast reversing stimuli indicates that transient mechanisms contribute to the detection of red--green patterns but that the detection of S-cone specific patterns is governed by sustained mechanisms. By compensating for transient contributions to red--green sensitivity, it is shown that sensitivity of chromatic mechanisms dominated by L- and M-cone input are closely matched to those with S-cone input.
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We have investigated whether our ability to discriminate the stereoscopic depth of random-dot targets set amongst random-depth distractors is facilitated when target and distractors differ in particular combinations of colour and luminance polarity. For flat-plane targets, stereo-thresholds were found to be lower with a target-distractor colour/luminance difference, but only when that difference enabled the target elements to be identified in the monocular image, either by virtue of being less numerous than the distractors, or because the subject knew beforehand the target's colour/luminance. If neither of these conditions prevailed, stereoscopic thresholds were no different when target and distractors were segregated by colour/luminance than if they were not. For sine-wave disparity grating stimuli, in which subjects were required to discriminate the orientation of the depth corrugations, no advantage was found when target and distractors were segregated by colour/luminance under any condition. These results suggest that segregation by colour/luminance is only beneficial to the stereoscopic processing of random-element stimuli when the task can be performed by attending to a small number of target elements. A corollary to this conclusion is that stereopsis mechanisms do not automatically pre-filter the image into different colour/luminance maps.