Advances in multiple wavelength anomalous diffraction crystallography.

S E Ealick

doi:10.1016/s1367-5931(00)00122-8

Home/Archive/PubMed

PubMed · 11006535

Advances in multiple wavelength anomalous diffraction crystallography.

S E Ealick

View original source ↗Export metadata ↓

Abstract

In only a few years, multiple wavelength anomalous diffraction (MAD) phasing has advanced from an esoteric technique used in only a few favorable cases to the method of choice for solving new macromolecular structures. Before 1994, MAD phasing had been used for fewer than a dozen new structure determinations. In 1999 alone, well over 100 new structures were determined by MAD phasing. The meteoric rise in MAD applications resulted from the availability of new synchrotron beamlines, equipped with low bandpass optics, fast readout detectors, cryogenic cooling and user-friendly interfaces. The power of MAD phasing has been amplified by the availability of new computer programs for locating the positions of the anomalous scattering atoms and for calculating phases from the experimental data. Phasing by anomalous scattering techniques has been applied to structures as large as 640 kDa and 120 selenium atoms in the asymmetric unit. The practical size limitation for application of MAD phasing techniques has not yet been encountered.

Explore related subjects

Crystallography Models, Molecular Protein Conformation Journal Article Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.Review

Keep this discovery

Explore connections, maps & timelines

BibTeX RIS

S E Ealick. 2000. Advances in multiple wavelength anomalous diffraction crystallography.. https://doi.org/10.1016/s1367-5931(00)00122-8

Cite the original work for its findings. Save a collection to share your selection of sources.

KEEP EXPLORING

Related citations

PubMed2007

The same but different: isomorphous methods for phasing and high-throughput ligand screening.

Isomorphous difference methods allow rapid and detailed visualization of localized changes in macromolecular structures, whether as a result of mutation or the binding of ligands. Practical aspects of isomorphous methods and differential crystallography are presented, particularly in their application to the phasing of new structures by multiple isomorphous replacement and the detection and characterization of ligand binding. Techniques for maintaining isomorphism between crystals to maximize the differential signal are covered, as are the computational steps involved in generating difference electron density maps. Frontier applications such as determining single-site ligand-binding affinities crystallographically, high-throughput screening of combinatorial compound libraries, in crystallo competition assays, and inferring protein function via exogenous ligand-binding screens are discussed.

Crystallography↗

PubMed2007

Crystallographic software: a sustainable resource for the community.

Virtually all software is constantly changing and evolving (and crystallographic software is no exception), which makes it nearly impossible to write a chapter that will remain current. In this chapter, we introduce CRYSTAL, a website (http://crystal.uvm.edu) where a comprehensive list of available crystallographic packages for each step of macromolecular structure determination will be maintained. Additionally, we provide links to books, journals, and a number of educational sites on crystallography. For each program/site included at CRYSTAL, a detailed description will include: the most current version, the authors, and appropriate operating systems to host the program. Links to download the programs, available tutorials, and references to cite when using the program/site are also provided.

Crystallography↗

PubMed2006

Architecture of fiber network: from understanding to engineering of molecular gels.

A new approach of engineering of molecular gels was established on the basis of a nucleation-initiated network formation mechanism. A variety of gel network structures can be obtained by regulating the starting temperature of the sol-gel transition. This enables us to tune the network from the spherulitic domains pattern to the extensively interconnected fibrillar network. As the consequence of fibrous network structure turning, desirable rheological and other in-use properties of the materials can be obtained accordingly. This approach of micro-/nanostructural fabrication may open up a new route for micro-/nanofunctional materials engineering in general.

Crystallography↗