Breech deformation complex in neonates.

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To demonstrate the association of minor anomalies and breech-presenting newborns with breech deformation complex. STUDY DESIGN: A total of 3,345 newborns with singleton, term delivery were examined based on a list of 67 items of major and minor anomalies. All infants were divided into two groups: group 1, vertex presentation (3,107 infants); group 2, breech presentation (224 infants). The prevalence of anomalies between both groups was compared. RESULTS: There were 1,495 (44.9%) infants with one or more minor anomalies, which included 1,313 infants (42.3%) in group 1 and 182 (81.3%) in group 2 (P < .005). The prevalence of anomalies in groups 1 and 2 were: frontal bossing (1.8% vs. 51%), prominent occiput (0.8% vs. 42%), upward slant (11.6% vs. 23.7%) and low-set ears (0.3% vs. 20.5%). Torticollis (0.3% vs. 1.78%) and congenital dislocation of the hip (CDH) (0.06% vs. 0.9%) (all P < .005) were related to breech presentation. CONCLUSION: Breech-presenting newborns had a higher risk of combining breech deformation complex, torticollis and CDH. The criteria for breech deformation complex included frontal bossing, prominent occiput, upward slant and low-set ears. The prevalence of breech deformation complex, torticollis and CDH was not related to the delivery method.