PubMed · 11276986
The source did not provide an abstract. Follow the original record for more information.
Explore connections, maps & timelines
C Hartung, J Kugler. 2001. Lowdown on laminar flow.. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11276986/
Cite the original work for its findings. Save a collection to share your selection of sources.
KEEP EXPLORING
Airborne dispersal enables plant pathogens to travel across fields, regions, and continents, fueling rapid epidemics and emerging disease threats. Biosurveillance, the systematic monitoring of airborne inoculum, offers the opportunity to detect pathogens before symptoms appear and informs timely, risk-based management. Recent advances in air sampling, molecular diagnostics, metagenomics, and imaging technologies have expanded the scale and resolution of pathogen monitoring, from single-species qPCR assays to community-level aerobiome surveys. Integration of biosurveillance data with decision-support systems, remote sensing, and artificial intelligence is transforming early-warning capabilities and providing novel insights into pathogen ecology, evolution, and fungicide resistance. Yet major challenges remain, including assay standardization, data interpretation, and translation into actionable tools for growers. This review synthesizes current approaches, highlights case studies in which biosurveillance has advanced disease management, and outlines future directions toward coordinated surveillance networks and precision agriculture applications.
Microbial volatile organic compounds (MVOC), metabolites of fungi detected in indoor moulds and in working places in compost facilities are considered as a potential health hazard. Their toxicological relevance, however, is largely unknown and data are rare. The aim of this study was to evaluate in vitro the genotoxic, clastogenic and mutagenic potential of same typical MVOC. For the study of DNA damage human lung carcinoma epithelial A549 cells, V79 Chinese hamster fibroblasts and human peripheral blood cells were exposed and subjected to the alkaline comet assay (single cell gel test). Taking the Chinese hamster V79 cell line as a target clastogenic effects were studied by the micronucleus test and mutagenic effects by the hypoxanthine-guanine-phosphoribosyl transferase gene mutation test (HPRT test). The cytogenic effects of MVOC were assessed by a clonogenic assay using the A549 cell line. The alkylating agent methyl methanesulfonate (MMS) was taken as a positive control. The results indicate that MVOC induced DNA damage is only seen in conditions in which also cytotoxic effects are observed. Clastogenic and mutagenic effects could not be detected.
AIM OF THE STUDY: To investigate the effectiveness of a new type of bioclean room named Shinki bioclean room (SBCR) for the prevention of infection during neutropenia after intensive chemotherapy in comparison with a standard laminar air flow room (LAFR). BACKGROUND: Recently, a new industrial technology, wherein a dust-free and aseptic environment is created by circulating air containing nanometre order ultra fine water droplets with abundant negative air ions, has been developed in Japan. METHODS: The air cleanliness of SBCR was examined by measuring airborne particles and microorganisms. Bacteriological samples for environment culture were taken by means of exposed settle-plates. In addition, the frequency of pneumonia and fever higher than 38 degrees C were examined in 34 patients with acute leukaemia who received intensive chemotherapy in SBCR or LAFR. RESULTS: The number of airborne particles (> or = 0.5 microm) was 70 particles/ft3, and that of airborne microorganisms was 0.0 colony forming unit/ft3 in SBCR, and neither bacteria nor fungi were detected. The numbers of colonies of bacteria and fungi on air settle-plates were fewer in the SBCR than in the LAFR regardless of the presence of patients or the nurse entering. The frequency of pneumonia during chemotherapy for acute leukaemia was lower in the SBCR group (0%, 0/19 cases) than in the LAFR group (27%, 4/15 cases) (P=0.0294) and the frequency of fever higher than 38 degrees C also tended to be lower in the SBCR group (53%, 10/19 cases) than in the LAFR group (80%, 12/15 cases) (P=0.0973). CONCLUSION: The SBCR is equal or superior to LAFR in preventing infection during neutropenia. Other advantages for SBCR are a low level of noise (40 dB), easy control of temperature and humidity, and efficient removal of odour. In addition to the quiet and comfortable atmosphere, expected favourable effects of negative air ions may give higher quality of life for patients in SBCR than those in LAFR. Further studies will be needed to examine the safety, benefits and effects of the negative ion exposure.