Shah convolution Fourier transform detection: multiple-sample injection technique.

Abstract

For the direct measurement of electrophoretic mobility, multiple-point (Shah function) detected, time-domain detector signals were converted into frequency-domain plots by means of Fourier transformation. Multiple sample plugs (up to a maximum of three) were introduced into the separation channel and the resultant time-domain signals were then Fourier-transformed. The multiple-sample injection technique has been successfully demonstrated for a one-component system and a separation. Though the number of fluorescing zones flowing through the illuminated length of the channel is greater than the number of analytes in the solution, Shah convolution Fourier transform detection (SCOFT) is able to identify the number of fluorescent species in the solution based on their migration velocities. The height of the fundamental peak increases as the number of injected sample plugs is increased. More importantly, the signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) is found to be proportional to the number of injected sample plugs. With these findings, the multiple-sample injection technique certainly has got many potential applications in trace analysis. The technique would be equally applicable to other separation techniques (e.g., high-performance liquid chromatography) and detection methods (e.g., absorption, refractive index).