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Multiple sclerosis: current pathophysiological concepts.

D M Wingerchuk·C F Lucchinetti·J H Noseworthy
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Abstract

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an often disabling disease primarily affecting young adults that exhibits extraordinary clinical, radiological, and pathological heterogeneity. We review the following: (a) known environmental and genetic factors that contribute to MS susceptibility; (b) current knowledge regarding fundamental pathophysiological processes in MS, including immune cell recruitment and entry into the central nervous system (CNS), formation of the plaque, and orchestration of the immune response; (c) descriptive and qualitative distinct pathological patterns in MS and their implications; (d) the evidence supporting the causative role of direct toxins, cell-mediated and humorally mediated immune mechanisms, and the concept of a "primary oligodendrogliopathy" in demyelination and axonal injury; (e) the potential benefits of inflammation; (f) the prospects for remyelination; and (g) therapeutic implications and approaches suggested by putative pathophysiological mechanisms.

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D M Wingerchuk, C F Lucchinetti, J H Noseworthy. 2001. Multiple sclerosis: current pathophysiological concepts.. https://doi.org/10.1038/labinvest.3780235

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