PubMed · 11324079
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J Kanca. 2000. Proof first, profit second.. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11324079/
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Air abrasion cutting, using particulates accelerated in a controlled compressed gas stream, is currently being re-evaluated as a precision tissue removal technique for dental cavity preparation. The minimal vibrations and heat generated during cutting commend the technique for use in the shaping of fragile or brittle materials that are vulnerable to vibrations and thermal stresses. Traditional air abrasion studies have relied solely upon post-procedure imaging, and cutting process details have been inferred from the nature of the residual surface. In this paper, however, a real-time confocal microscopic imaging method is described, which for the first time has allowed prior target structure characterization with subsequent imaging of cutting interactions and substrate failure patterns. Using internally focusing long working distance Hill objective lenses, focusing deep to a protective microscope slide and adhesive interfaces, unhindered remote image sampling within the bulk of specimens such as tooth tissue, acrylic and brittle ceramics was possible. Moreover, areas of active cutting and inactive regions were identified within air abraded cavities during their creation. The characteristics of the finished cut surfaces were demonstrated and confirmed the findings of previous SEM studies. The method allowed direct control over all the known variables influencing cutting with particulate streams.
OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to evaluate, in vitro, the tensile bond strength of the Single Bond (3M) adhesive system placed over dentin surfaces treated with air turbine, Er:YAG laser without contact and in focused or air abrasion. SUMMARY BACKGROUND DATA: The use of dentin adhesives is a well-established clinical routine among the dentists. However, there have been few reports comparing the influence of the Er:YAG laser, air abrasion, and air turbine on the Single Bond tensile bond strength of adhesives systems to dentin fact that could influence which tools dentists select for use in cavity preparations. METHODS: Twenty-three extracted retained human molars were used in this study. The coronal portion was divided in two parts and fixed in acrylic resin; the occlusal surface was abraded to a 2-mm width with a mechanic lathe until the dentin surface was completely exposed. The dental portions were divided into three groups of 15 each and treated with Er:YAG laser, air abrasion, or air turbine. A 3 mm hole in the center of each tooth was marked off using contact paper. Single Bond (3M) adhesive system was applied after acid phosphoric at 35% application for 15 sec over dentin surfaces. A resin composite cone was built into the delimited area to accomplish the tensile bond strength test on the EMIC universal test machine. The specimens were then evaluated by stereoscopy to determine the type of failures into the dentin-adhesive-resin composite surface. RESULTS: The tensile test was performed using the universal testing machine EMIC DL-2000 at a cross-head speed of 0.5 mm/min. The average results were: air turbine (17.52 MPa), Er:YAG laser (16.65 MPa) and air abrasion (15.83 MPa). Statistical treatment by ANOVA and Tukey's test (p < 0.01) showed no significant differences between the groups tested. The tensile bond strength test to the dentin showed no significant difference among the three groups when the Single Bond was used after the 35% phosphoric-acid conditioning. The stereoscopy showed a predominant adhesive failure in all groups. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that Single Bond tensile bond strength is the same as dentin prepared by Er:YAG laser, air abrasion, or air turbine.
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the abrasiveness of a new air polisher on root surfaces. METHOD AND MATERIALS: Fifty extracted human teeth were air polished for 5 seconds. RESULTS: All root surfaces showed a circular defect visible with the naked eye. Scanning electron microscope examination showed smooth crater walls and a few open dentin tubules, but most seemed to be obliterated. Laser profilometry of the exposed areas revealed defects with an average depth of 484 microns, whereas the unexposed root surfaces showed irregularities with an average depth of 323 microns. The depths of the abraded areas were evaluated in relation to the values for the unexposed surfaces, and an average depth of 161 microns was found. The difference between the exposed and unexposed surfaces was statistically significant. CONCLUSION: The present study indicates that the air polisher has a strong abrading effect on exposed root surfaces and should therefore be used with caution on patients with gingival retractions.