PubMed · 11351638
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T Murase. 2001. [Chylomicron].. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11351638/
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Increased postprandial lipemia has been stated as one of the mechanisms responsible for atherogenesis in smokers. We measured the postalimentary lipid response and the in vivo intravascular delipidation index of an artificial chylomicron emulsion in healthy adult smokers and controls. The blood was collected in the fasting state immediately after the smokers smoked one cigarette. The lipemia was measured 2, 4, 6 and 8 h postalimentarily in smokers (S, n = 8) and in non-smoking controls (C, n = 8) and the chylomicron metabolism rate was measured 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24 and 30 min after the injection of an artificial emulsion to S (n = 10) and to C (n = 10). The lipoproteins were isolated in the fasting period and 4 h after the fatty meal and their chemical composition in cholesterol, triglycerides, phospholipids and protein was determined. Smokers showed an increased lipolysis percentage value (mean +/- S.E.M.) of the artificial chylomicron (39.1 +/- 3.1) compared to controls (26.5 +/- 3.3) and higher levels of HDL(2)-PL: 28.4 +/- 4.3 (S) versus 16.2 +/- 2.0 (C) mg/dl (mean +/- S.E.M.). In conclusion, the oral fat tolerance was not altered in smokers but an upregulation of the rate of metabolism of the TG-rich lipoproteins was elicited immediately after smoking one cigarette.
We established a strategy to directly measure cholesterol and triglyceride levels of each lipoprotein fraction using a combination of agarose gel electrophoresis and differential staining. The cholesterol and triglyceride levels determined by electrophoresis correlated significantly with those of ultracentrifugation. The correlation coefficients between these methods were, for cholesterol levels 0.975(very low density lipoproteins, VLDL), 0.986(low density lipoproteins, LDL) and 0.965(high density lipoproteins, HDL) and for triglyceride levels 0.994(VLDL), 0.963(LDL) and 0.959(HDL) respectively. Both intra-and inter-assays showed low values of coefficients of variation (CV) (less than 3.57%). We observed a strong linearity between staining and triglyceride concentration. An increased VLDL-cholesterol was observed in type III subjects, a result which enabled distinction between type III and type IIb or type V lipoproteinemia. The method revealed lipoprotein patterns in some samples otherwise unexpected from their corresponding serum lipid parameters. Analyses of these electrophoretic patterns thus provide an effective technique to classify types of hyperlipidemia defined by the WHO. Furthermore, quantitative measurement of chylomicrons, usually difficult, proved to be achievable, providing an additional analysis of postprandial hyperlipidemia and the exact measurement of LDL-cholesterol after diet. Consequently, we recommend this simple and easy method for clinical evaluation of abnormalities in lipoprotein profiles.
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