PubMed · 11381244
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2001. Stem cell decision time.. https://doi.org/10.1038/88935
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PURPOSE: Evaluate the influence of different baseline spermatogenic patterns [meiotic pattern (normal or abnormal), sperm concentration (> 1 x 10(6)/mL or < or = 1 x 10(6)/mL), and the combined meiosis-sperm concentration pattern] on early embryo development in severe oligoasthenozoospermia. METHODS: Embryo outcomes (fertilization rate, cleavage rate, and 4-cell stage embryo division rate on day 2) after IVF-ICSI in 75 oligoasthenozoospermia and 79 normozoospermic males. RESULTS: The embryo division rate was significantly lower in oligoasthenozoospermia compared to normozoospermia (50.43% vs. 58.72%, p < 0.01) and in the oligoasthenozoospermia group for meiotic anomalies (43.40%), sperm concentration < or = 1 x 10(6)/mL (44.35%), and the combined pattern < or = 1 x 10(6)/mL with meiotic anomalies (37.17%). Logistic regression analysis showed a synergic effect (OR = 2.00; 95% CI = 1.28-3.12) when the two spermatogenic patterns predictive of slow embryo development [meiotic anomalies (OR = 1.49; 95% CI = 1.03-2.15) and sperm concentration < or = 1 x 10(6)/mL (OR = 1.53; 95% CI = 1.09-2.13)] were present. CONCLUSIONS: The data suggest that the early embryonic developmental capacity is inversely related to the severity of spermatogenic impairment (meiotic anomalies and/or sperm concentration < or = 1 x 10(6)/mL).
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OBJECTIVE: A pathologic human embryo 3 mm long affected by a "ventral prolaps" was present in a product of conception implanted within the Fallopian tube. The gestational age was 7 weeks. The malformation was characterized by a deep protrusion of the embryonal body (containing the medullary tube and the notochord adherent to the ceiling of the yolk sac) through the umbilical ring of the germ disc delineated by ectoderm covered mesenchymal streaks with primordia of the umbilical veins. Similar two affected embryos were depicted by Kollmann in his Handatlas in 1907, but were considered normal. DESIGN: Case report. SETTING: Institute for the Care of Mother and Child, Prague, Institute for Postgraduate Medical Education, Prague. RESULTS: Implanted product of conception found within the Fallopian tube exhibited a characteristic embryonic defect described as the "ventral prolaps". CONCLUSION: Ventral prolaps of the embryo represents a characteristic embryonal malformation of unknown developmental significance.