PubMed · 11503689
The source did not provide an abstract. Follow the original record for more information.
Explore connections, maps & timelines
2000. Computer-enhanced laparoscopic abdominal surgery.. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11503689/
Cite the original work for its findings. Save a collection to share your selection of sources.
KEEP EXPLORING
Ferulic acid (FA) and p-coumaric acid (CA) are absorbed by the monocarboxylic acid transporter (MCT) in Caco-2 cells, although gallic acid (GA) is not. Therefore, the MCT is selective for certain phenolic acids. Absorption of orally administered CA and GA in rats was studied to obtain serum pharmacokinetic profiles and to investigate their intestinal absorption characteristics in vivo. Rats were administered 100 micromol/kg body weight of CA and GA, and blood was collected from the portal vein and abdominal artery after administration. CA, GA, and their metabolites were quantified with a highly selective and sensitive coulometric detection method using high-performance liquid chromatography-electrochemical detection. Ingested CA was rapidly absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract in an intact form. The serum concentration of intact CA in the portal vein peaked 10 min after dosing (C(max) was 165.7 micromol/L). In contrast, GA was slowly absorbed, with a t(max) for intact GA of 60 min and a C(max) of 0.71 micromol/L. The area under the curve for intact CA and GA was calculated from the serum concentration profile in the portal vein to be 2991.3 and 42.6 micromol min L(-)(1), respectively. The relative bioavailability of CA against GA was about 70. This is the first demonstration that absorption efficiency of CA is much higher than that of GA in vivo. The absorption characteristics of CA are clearly different from those of GA. These findings are in good agreement with the results obtained in vitro using a Caco-2 cell system.
Urethral closure mechanisms during passive increments in intravesicular pressure (P(ves)) were investigated using microtip transducer catheters in urethane-anesthetized female rats. After a block of reflex bladder contractions by spinal cord transection at T8-T9, abruptly raising P(ves) to 20, 40, or 60 cmH(2)O for 2 min induced a bladder pressure-dependent contractile response in a restricted portion of the middle urethra (12.5-15 mm from the urethral orifice) that was abolished by cutting the pelvic nerves bilaterally. In pelvic nerve-intact rats, the bilateral transection of either the pudendal nerves, the nerves to the iliococcygeous/pubococcygeous muscles, or the hypogastric nerves significantly reduced (49-74%) the urethral reflex response induced by passive P(ves) increases, and combined transection of these three sets of nerves totally abolished the urethra-closing responses. In spinal cord-intact rats, similar urethral contractile responses were elicited during P(ves) elevation (20 or 40 cmH(2)O) and were also eliminated by bilateral pelvic nerve transection. After spinal cord and pelvic nerve transection, leak point pressures, defined as the pressure inducing fluid leakage from the urethral orifice during passive P(ves) elevation by either bladder pressure clamping in 2.5-cmH(2)O steps or direct compression of the bladder, were significantly lowered by 30-35% compared with sham-operated (spinal cord-transected and pelvic nerve-intact) rats. These results indicate that 1) passive elevation of P(ves) can elicit pelvic afferent nerve-mediated contractile reflexes in the restricted portion of the urethra mediated by activation of sympathetic and somatic nerves and 2) bladder-to-urethral reflexes induced by passive P(ves) elevation significantly contribute to the prevention of stress urinary incontinence.
STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective case series. OBJECTIVES: To determine the influence of spine and trunk deformity on preoperative idiopathic scoliosis patients' health-related quality of life questionnaire responses. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Management recommendations for patients with idiopathic scoliosis during adolescence are based heavily on spine deformity and to some extent trunk deformity magnitude. However, the manner in which these objective measures influence the patients' perception of their condition is unclear. METHODS: Of 67 consecutive preoperative patients, 61 (91%) had completed the Scoliosis Research Society-22 health-related quality of life questionnaire and had been studied with posterior exposure surface topography. Their average age was 15 years, 6 months (range 10 years, 10 months-20 years, 10 months), and the average maximum Cobb was 63 degrees (range 40-137 degrees). Correlations between spine and trunk deformity measures and Scoliosis Research Society-22 scores were determined by the Pearson correlation coefficient, with P < 0.01 considered significant. RESULTS: For the study group, spine deformity (Cobb) correlated significantly only with Scoliosis Research Society-22 function (r = -0.39, P = 0.0022) domain. Neither coronal nor transverse plane trunk deformity composite scores correlated with any Scoliosis Research Society-22 scores. The Hump Index component of the transverse plane Suzuki Hump Sum composite score was the only trunk measurement to correlate significantly (function r = -0.45, P = 0.003; self image, r = -0.36, P = 0.0040). The strongest correlations occurred when the single thoracic curves, King classifications III and IV, were combined: Cobb versus function r = -0.53, P = 0.0027; Cobb versus self-image r = -0.46, P = 0.0099; and Hump Index versus function r = -0.60, P = 0.0005. There were no significant correlations between either spine deformity or any trunk deformity measure with Scoliosis Research Society-22 responses for either the double or thoracolumbar curve pattern groups. CONCLUSION: Both spine and upper thoracic transverse plane trunk deformity significantly influenced preoperative idiopathic scoliosis patients' perception of function and self-image, but not pain or mental health. However, in spite of a fairly rigorous standard of proof, P < or = 0.01, the significant r values ranged from -0.33 to -0.68, suggesting that there are factors other than spine and trunk deformity influencing the idiopathic scoliosis patients' health-related quality of life questionnaire responses. Future studies are necessary to define these factors.