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PubMed · 11580642

Double diffraction dissociation at the Fermilab Tevatron collider.

T Affolder·H Akimoto·A Akopian·M G Albrow·P Amaral·D Amidei·K Anikeev·J Antos·G Apollinari·T Arisawa·T Asakawa·W Ashmanskas·F Azfar·P Azzi-Bacchetta·N Bacchetta·M W Bailey·S Bailey·P de Barbaro·A Barbaro-Galtieri·V E Barnes·B A Barnett·S Baroiant·M Barone·G Bauer·F Bedeschi·S Belforte·W H Bell·G Bellettini·J Bellinger·D Benjamin·J Bensinger·A Beretvas·J P Berge·J Berryhill·A Bhatti·M Binkley·D Bisello·M Bishai·R E Blair·C Blocker·K Bloom·B Blumenfeld·S R Blusk·A Bocci·A Bodek·W Bokhari·G Bolla·Y Bonushkin·K Borras·D Bortoletto·J Boudreau·A Brandl·S van Den Brink·C Bromberg·M Brozovic·N Bruner·E Buckley-Geer·J Budagov·H S Budd·K Burkett·G Busetto·A Byon-Wagner·K L Byrum·S Cabrera·P Calafiura·M Campbell·W Carithers·J Carlson·D Carlsmith·W Caskey·A Castro·D Cauz·A Cerri·A W Chan·P S Chang·P T Chang·J Chapman·C Chen·Y C Chen·M T Cheng·M Chertok·G Chiarelli·I Chirikov-Zorin·G Chlachidze·F Chlebana·L Christofek·M L Chu·Y S Chung·C I Ciobanu·A G Clark·A Connolly·M Convery·J Conway·M Cordelli·J Cranshaw·R Cropp·R Culbertson·D Dagenhart·S D'Auria·F DeJongh
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Abstract

We present results from a measurement of double diffraction dissociation in pp collisions at the Fermilab Tevatron collider. The production cross section for events with a central pseudorapidity gap of width Deltaeta(0)>3 (overlapping eta = 0) is found to be 4.43+/-0.02(stat)+/-1.18(syst) mb [ 3.42+/-0.01(stat)+/-1.09(syst) mb] at square root of (s) = 1800[630] GeV. Our results are compared with previous measurements and with predictions based on Regge theory and factorization.

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T Affolder, H Akimoto, A Akopian, M G Albrow, P Amaral, D Amidei, K Anikeev, J Antos, G Apollinari, T Arisawa, T Asakawa, W Ashmanskas, F Azfar, P Azzi-Bacchetta, N Bacchetta, M W Bailey, S Bailey, P de Barbaro, A Barbaro-Galtieri, V E Barnes, B A Barnett, S Baroiant, M Barone, G Bauer, F Bedeschi, S Belforte, W H Bell, G Bellettini, J Bellinger, D Benjamin, J Bensinger, A Beretvas, J P Berge, J Berryhill, A Bhatti, M Binkley, D Bisello, M Bishai, R E Blair, C Blocker, K Bloom, B Blumenfeld, S R Blusk, A Bocci, A Bodek, W Bokhari, G Bolla, Y Bonushkin, K Borras, D Bortoletto, J Boudreau, A Brandl, S van Den Brink, C Bromberg, M Brozovic, N Bruner, E Buckley-Geer, J Budagov, H S Budd, K Burkett, G Busetto, A Byon-Wagner, K L Byrum, S Cabrera, P Calafiura, M Campbell, W Carithers, J Carlson, D Carlsmith, W Caskey, A Castro, D Cauz, A Cerri, A W Chan, P S Chang, P T Chang, J Chapman, C Chen, Y C Chen, M T Cheng, M Chertok, G Chiarelli, I Chirikov-Zorin, G Chlachidze, F Chlebana, L Christofek, M L Chu, Y S Chung, C I Ciobanu, A G Clark, A Connolly, M Convery, J Conway, M Cordelli, J Cranshaw, R Cropp, R Culbertson, D Dagenhart, S D'Auria, F DeJongh. 2001-09-14. Double diffraction dissociation at the Fermilab Tevatron collider.. https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.87.141802

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Effectiveness of high-dose versus standard-dose influenza vaccines against hospitalisation according to frailty risk: a prespecified analysis of the randomised trial DANFLU-2.

BACKGROUND: Frailty is a major risk factor for influenza-related complications and can influence vaccine effectiveness. We aimed to assess the relative vaccine effectiveness (rVE) of high-dose (HD-IIV) versus standard-dose inactivated influenza vaccine (SD-IIV) in older adults aged 65 years or older according to frailty risk. METHODS: This study was a prespecified analysis of DANFLU-2, an open-label, individually randomised trial, conducted in Denmark during three consecutive influenza seasons (2022-23, 2023-24, and 2024-25). Adults aged 65 years or older were randomised (1:1) to the HD-IIV or SD-IIV group. The primary endpoint was hospitalisation for influenza or pneumonia. Frailty was defined according to the validated Hospital Frailty Risk Score (HFRS) based on ICD-10 codes within 10 years before randomisation. Participants were stratified into three HFRS categories, namely low (<5 points), intermediate (5-15 points), and high (>15 points) frailty risk. The rVE of HD-IIV versus SD-IIV against the primary endpoint was assessed across prespecified HFRS categories and treating HFRS as a continuous variable. Pearson's chi-square test was used to compare safety events across frailty risk groups and randomisation groups. FINDINGS: Among 332&#x2009;438 randomised participants (mean age 73&#xb7;7 years [SD 5&#xb7;8]; 161&#x2009;538 [48&#xb7;6%] were female), 276&#x2009;173 (83&#xb7;1%) had low frailty risk, 52&#x2009;395 (15&#xb7;8%) had intermediate frailty risk, and 3861 (1&#xb7;2%) had high frailty risk. The primary endpoint of hospitalisation for influenza or pneumonia occurred in 1424 (0&#xb7;5%) of 276&#x2009;173 participants with low frailty risk, 761 (1&#xb7;5%) of 52&#x2009;395 with intermediate frailty risk, and 163 (4&#xb7;2%) of 3861 with high frailty risk (relative risk [RR] for intermediate vs low frailty risk 2&#xb7;8 [95% CI 2&#xb7;6-3&#xb7;1]; RR for high vs low frailty risk 8&#xb7;2 [7&#xb7;0-9&#xb7;6]). HFRS as a continuous variable significantly modified the effect of HD-IIV versus SD-IIV against the primary endpoint with higher rVE estimates with increasing HFRS (pinteraction=0&#xb7;020). The rVE was 0&#xb7;2% (95% CI -10&#xb7;8 to 10&#xb7;2) among those with low frailty risk, 13&#xb7;1% (-0&#xb7;4 to 24&#xb7;8) among those with intermediate frailty risk, and 19&#xb7;9% (-10&#xb7;3 to 42&#xb7;1) among those with high frailty risk. No significant interaction was observed when HFRS was assessed according to the prespecified categorical frailty groups (pinteraction=0&#xb7;17). The proportion of participants with at least one serious adverse event increased across frailty risk groups (13&#x2009;366 [4&#xb7;8%] of 275&#x2009;795 for low frailty risk, 5475 [10&#xb7;5%] of 52&#x2009;315 for intermediate frailty risk, and 777 [20&#xb7;2%] of 3850 for high frailty risk; p<0&#xb7;0001), with similar proportions of serious adverse events in the HD-IIV and SD-IIV groups for each frailty risk group. INTERPRETATION: Among adults aged 65 years or older in Denmark, frailty risk might modify the effects of HD-IIV versus SD-IIV against hospitalisation for influenza or pneumonia, with higher rVE estimates with increasing frailty risk. These findings might support considering high-dose influenza vaccines for frail older adults. However, effect modification was not evident when frailty was assessed using prespecified categorical subgroups, and subgroup-specific estimates were imprecise, with 95% CIs crossing the null. These results should be considered exploratory, warranting further investigation. FUNDING: The DANFLU-2 trial was funded by Sanofi.

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