PubMed · 11643695
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David W Fouts, Robert Shepherd. 1982-02-05. Nuclear war.. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.1982.03320300011005
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The mucosal membranes form a weak mechanical barrier, but they are provided with an extensive specific and non-specific defence system. Antigenic stimulation of the mucosal immune system of the oronasal passages induces specific, local immune responses, and activates immune components of mucosae elsewhere as well as the systemic immune system. Nasal lymphocytes are disseminated diffusely in the mucosa or are organised in structures at the entrance of the nasopharynx (nasal-associated lymphoid tissues, NALT). Nasal lymphatics, and possibly NALT, play an important role in drainage of brain fluid, especially in small animals. Little is known about toxicity to the NALT, despite its central role in mucosal immunity. Its strategic position in the nasal passages suggests that it comes easily into contact with inhaled nasal toxicants. Therefore, we recommend to include histopathological examination of NALT in standard guideline-driven inhalation toxicity studies.
The self-accelerating decomposition temperature (SADT) is according to the United Nations Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods needed for transport classification of goods as class 4.1 (self-reactive). One of the methods recommended to determine the SADT is the Dewar-method.The method is well suited to assess the transport stability of liquids, whereas for solids the assessment errs on the unsafe side. The differences in heat transfer between solids and liquids are explained using cooling curves and classifying them by their Biot and Fourier-numbers and by applying the theories of Semenov and Frank-Kamenetskii for the critical heat release rates.