PubMed Health⌕ Search
Home/Archive/PubMed

PubMed · 11713841

Regulating assisted reproduction technologies.

J Gunning
View original source ↗Export metadata ↓

Abstract

Legislation in the area of assisted reproduction has been a slow process and one dogged by conflicting ethical views. Where legislation has been introduced in Europe it has not been consistent, representing the different cultural environments of the countries concerned and in a number of countries legislation has still not been introduced. Although the 1997 European Convention on Human Rights and Biomedicine represented a landmark in trying to introduce an international consensus on embryo research and its control, there is little or no regulation of assisted reproduction services even in those countries where legislation has been introduced. This may not be in the best interest of patients, particularly where a new technique is being introduced. A survey of those providing assisted reproduction services has indicated support for some form of technical standardization within Europe.

Explore related subjects

EuropeFertilization in VitroHumansInternational CooperationPublic PolicyReference StandardsReproductive Techniques, AssistedEuropean Convention on Human Rights and BiomedicineGenetics and ReproductionLegal ApproachJournal Article

Keep this discovery

Explore connections, maps & timelines

BibTeXRIS

J Gunning. 2001. Regulating assisted reproduction technologies.. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11713841/

Cite the original work for its findings. Save a collection to share your selection of sources.

KEEP EXPLORING

Related citations

PubMed2007

Recurrence risk to offspring in extended multiplex schizophrenia pedigrees from a Pacific Island isolate.

Genetic transmission plays a major role in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia. Family, twin, and adoption studies have consistently shown that risks in relatives are many times greater than the general population risk of approximately 1%. McGue, Gottesman, and Rao (1983; Am J Hum Genet 35:1161-1178) calculated risk estimates of 12.8% for offspring and 3.5% for nieces/nephews of schizophrenia patients based on a large data set of Western European families. The present study evaluated corresponding risk levels in Palau, an isolated population in Micronesia where the prevalence of narrowly (broadly) defined schizophrenia is 1.99% (2.67%) and cases cluster in extended pedigrees, 20 of which contain 80% of affected individuals. We hypothesized that offspring in these extended families would have a higher risk for schizophrenia than offspring in smaller schizophrenia pedigrees from more genetically heterogeneous populations. RDC diagnostic data based on complete ascertainment of cases and their families covering the past two generations were used to quantify empirical recurrence risks in the offspring and nieces/nephews of Palauan schizophrenia patients. Risks to 1st- and 2nd-degree offspring were approximately double the rates found in the smaller Western European families: 23.4% in the offspring of an affected parent, 6.4% in offspring with one affected aunt/uncle, and 15.0% in offspring with two or more affected aunts/uncles. Recurrence rates in offspring of an affected parent were 1.6 times higher in males (27.9%) than in females (17.7%). The high risk levels we found in Palauan offspring reflect the elevated population prevalence, strong familial aggregation, and multi-lineal transmission pattern of schizophrenia in Palau.

Europe↗