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Working memory in ADHD: prefrontal/parietal connections.

F Levy·M Farrow
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Abstract

Current theories of dopaminergic and noradrenergic mechanisms, which are thought to be of importance in the regulation of attention are reviewed. A biphasic model of dopaminergic function is described, in which tonic dopamine exerts a suppressive influence on subcortical dopamine systems by altering tonic/phasic dopaminergic relationships. Noradrenergic mechanisms are of importance in modulating sensory processing at the prefrontal cortical level. The work of Silberstein and colleagues utilizing Steady-State Visually Evoked Potential, during the course of an A-X Continuous Performance Task enables examination of the spatial distribution and dynamics of electrical brain activity during the task. The maintenance of activation in the interval between A and X provides a measure of working memory, thought to be related to prefrontal-parietal activation, which is facilitated by administration of methylphenidate to children with ADHD, suggesting that working memory may be a core deficiency in children with ADHD. While tonic dopamine activity in ventral striatum/accumbens gates inhibitory activity, dorsolateral prefrontal-parietal connections allow maintenance of working memory required for goal completion.

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AnimalsAttention Deficit Disorder with HyperactivityChildDopamineEvoked Potentials, VisualHumansMemoryNeuropsychological TestsNeurotransmitter AgentsNorepinephrineParietal LobePrefrontal CortexPsychomotor PerformanceSynaptic TransmissionJournal ArticleReview

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F Levy, M Farrow. 2001. Working memory in ADHD: prefrontal/parietal connections.. https://doi.org/10.2174/1389450013348155

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