PubMed Health⌕ Search

PubMed · 11933573

The wright-giemsa stain. Secrets revealed.

Abstract

The colorful story of the development of the Wright-Giemsa stain is retold. Dramas are replayed, secrets are exposed, and laurels are properly returned to scientists long forgotten. The delicately balanced chemical composition of the stain, once enigmatic, is defined. Finally, an attempt is made to unshroud some of the mystery surrounding the staining method; tried-and-true procedures and useful snippets of laboratory lore are provided. Scientific explanations and reliable methods aside, however, the stain continues to possess a certain mystique, seemingly consisting of equal parts technical expertise, art, and magic.

Explore related subjects

Keep this discovery

Explore connections, maps & timelines

BibTeXRIS

Kristine Krafts Woronzoff-Dashkoff. 2002. The wright-giemsa stain. Secrets revealed.. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0272-2712(03)00065-9

Cite the original work for its findings. Save a collection to share your selection of sources.

KEEP EXPLORING

Related citations

Lipid raft proteome of the human neutrophil azurophil granule.

Detergent-resistant membrane domains (DRMs) are present in the membranes of azurophil granules in human neutrophils (Feuk-Lagerstedt et al., J. Leukoc. Biol. 2002, 72, 970). Using a proteomic approach, we have now identified 106 proteins in a DRM preparation from these granule membranes. Among these proteins were the lipid raft structural proteins flotillin-1 and -2, cytoskeletal proteins such as actin, vimentin and tubulin, and membrane fusion promoting proteins like annexins and dysferlin. Our results suggest that the azurophil granule membrane, in similarity to the plasma membrane, is an elaborate structure that takes part in intracellular signaling and functions other than the mere delivery of bactericidal effector molecules to the phagosome.

Azure Stains↗

Fe(3+)- and Cu(2+)-reduction by phenol derivatives associated with Azure B degradation in Fenton-like reactions.

Several phenol derivatives were evaluated regarding their capacities for Fe(3+) and Cu(2+) reduction. Selected compounds were assayed in Fenton-like reactions to degrade Azure B. 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic, 2,5-dihydroxyterephtalic, gallic, chromotropic and 3-hydroxyanthranilic acids were the most efficient reducers of both metallic ions. The reaction system composed of 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid/Fe(3+)/H(2)O(2) was able to degrade Azure B at higher levels than the conventional Fenton reaction (87% and 75% of decolorization after 20min reaction, respectively). Gallic and syringic acids, catechol and vanillin induced Azure B degradations at lower levels as compared with conventional Fenton reaction. Azure B was not degraded in the presence of 10% (v/v) methanol or ethanol, which are OH radical scavengers, confirming the participation of this radical in the degradation reactions. Iron-containing reactions consumed substantially more H(2)O(2) than reactions containing copper. In iron-containing reactions, even the systems that caused a limited degradation of the dye consumed high concentrations of H(2)O(2). On the other hand, the reactions containing Fe(3+), H(2)O(2) and 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid or 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid were the most efficient on degradation of Azure B and also presented the highest H(2)O(2) consumption. These results indicate that H(2)O(2) consumption occurs even when the dye is not extensively degraded, suggesting that part of the generated OH radicals reacts with the own phenol derivative instead of Azure B.

Azure Stains↗