PubMed · 11991022
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Rogerio Phili, Eftyhia Vardas. 2002. HIV testing using dried blood spots.. https://doi.org/10.1177/004947550203200114
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In a previous study, mechanical engineering models were utilized to deduce impact velocity and droplet volume of circular bloodstains by measuring stain diameter and counting spines radiating from their outer edge. A blind trial study was subsequently undertaken to evaluate the accuracy of this technique, using an applied, crime scene methodology. Calculations from bloodstains produced on paper, drywall, and wood were used to derive surface-specific equations to predict 39 unknown mock crime scene bloodstains created over a range of impact velocities (2.2-5.7 m/sec) and droplet volumes (12-45 microL). Strong correlations were found between expected and observed results, with correlation coefficients ranging between 0.83 and 0.99. The 95% confidence limit associated with predictions of impact velocity and droplet volume was calculated for paper (0.28 m/sec, 1.7 microL), drywall (0.37 m/sec, 1.7 microL), and wood (0.65 m/sec, 5.2 microL).
Blood smear analysis is a well-known technique in medical laboratories. The clinical relevance of this analysis and its interpretation are very important. Consequently, monitoring of laboratory performance by an external quality assessment scheme is strongly recommended. This article represents a very practical guidance document for External Quality Assessment Scheme (EQAS) organizers for setting up blood smear schemes. In the first part of the guidelines, the Hematology Working Group of the European External Committee for External Quality Assurance Programmes in Laboratory Medicine (EQALM) published practical information for the preparation of blood smears for use in an EQAS. Part II focuses on aspects such as survey preparation, statistical evaluation and reporting, and describes particular details for organizing blood morphology EQA surveys by means of virtual microscopy.
The identification of menstrual blood belongs to the forensic examination of bloodstains. The traditional methods for detecting menstrual blood were reviewed and their obstacles in forensic application were discussed. Matrix metalloproteinase-11 is a kind of protease which degrades the extracellular matrix. Some researches had indicated that matrix metalloproteinase-11 might be a new marker for specifically and sensitively detecting menstrual blood. The structure, function of matrix metalloproteinase-11 and its application in menstrual blood identification were reviewed.