Functional biosensor systems via surface-nanoengineering of electronic elements.

Itamar Willner; Bilha Willner; Eugenii Katz

doi:10.1016/s1389-0352(01)00050-2

Home/Archive/PubMed

PubMed · 11996215

Functional biosensor systems via surface-nanoengineering of electronic elements.

Itamar Willner·Bilha Willner·Eugenii Katz

View original source ↗Export metadata ↓

Abstract

Bioelectronics is a progressing interdisciplinary research field that involves the integration of biomaterials with electronic transducers such as electrodes, field-effect transistors or piezoelectric crystals. Surface engineering of biomaterials such as enzymes, antigen-antibodies or DNA on the electronic supports controls the electrical properties of the biomaterial/transducer interface and enables the electronic transduction of biorecognition events, or biocatalyzed transformation, on the transducers. The development of biosensor systems of tailored sensitivities and specificities represents a major advance in bioelectronics.

Explore related subjects

Antigen-Antibody Reactions Biosensing Techniques Electrochemistry Enzymes, Immobilized Nanotechnology Journal Article Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Review

Keep this discovery

Explore connections, maps & timelines

BibTeX RIS

Itamar Willner, Bilha Willner, Eugenii Katz. 2002. Functional biosensor systems via surface-nanoengineering of electronic elements.. https://doi.org/10.1016/s1389-0352(01)00050-2

Cite the original work for its findings. Save a collection to share your selection of sources.

KEEP EXPLORING

Related citations

PubMed2003

Immuno-based sample preparation for trace analysis.

Immuno-based sample preparation techniques are based upon molecular recognition. Thanks to the high affinity and high selectivity of the antigen-antibody interaction, they have been shown to be a unique tool in the sampling area. Immuno-based sample preparation methods include the widely encountered immunoaffinity extraction sorbents, so-called immunosorbents, as well as membrane-baed or ultrafiltration techniques. This review describes the new developments and applications that have occurred in recent years with emphasis on (i) the antigen-antibody interactions, (ii) and their importance for the properties and use of immunosorbents, (iii) multiresidue extractions, (iv) the on-line coupling to chromatographic or electrophoretic separations, and (v) the high potential for improving MS detection. The recent use of artificial antibodies for sample pretreatment, so-called molecularly imprinted polymers, is also described.

Antigen-Antibody Reactions↗

PubMed2003

Characterization of antibody binding to three cancer-related antigens using flow cytometry and cell tracking velocimetry.

Proper antibody labeling is a fundamental step in the positive selection/isolation of rare cancer cells using immunomagnetic cell separation technology. Using either a two-step or single-step labeling protocol, we examined a combination of six different antibodies specific for three different antigens (epithelial specific antigen, epithelial membrane antigen, and HER-2/Neu) on two different breast cancer cell lines (HCC1954 and MCF-7). When a two-step labeling protocol was used (i.e., anti-surface marker-fluoroscein-isothiocyanate [FITC] [primary Ab], anti-FITC magnetic colloid [secondary Ab]) saturation of the primary antibody was determined using fluorescence intensity measurements from flow cytometry (FCM). The saturation of the secondary antibody (or saturation of a single-step labeling) was determined using magnetophoretic mobility measurements from cell tracking velocimetry (CTV). When the maximum magnetophoretic mobility was the primary objective, our results demonstrate that the quantities necessary for antibody saturation with respect to fluorescence intensity were generally higher than those recommended by the manufacturer. The results demonstrate that magnetophoretic mobility varies depending on the types of cell lines, primary antibodies, and concentration of secondary magnetic colloid-conjugated antibody. It is concluded that saturation studies are a vital preparatory step in any separation method involving antibody labeling, especially those that require the specificity of rare cell detection.

Antigen-Antibody Reactions↗

PubMed2003

Direct detection of antibody-antigen binding using an on-chip artificial pore.

We demonstrate a rapid and highly sensitive all-electronic technique based on the resistive pulse method of particle sizing with a pore to detect the binding of unlabeled antibodies to the surface of latex colloids. Here, we use an on-chip pore to sense colloids derivatized with streptavidin and measure accurately their diameter increase on specific binding to several different types of antibodies. We show the sensitivity of this technique to the concentration of free antibody and that it can be used to perform immunoassays in both inhibition and sandwich configurations. Overall, our technique does not require labeling of the reactants and is performed rapidly by using very little solution, and the pore itself is fabricated quickly and inexpensively by using soft lithography. Finally, because this method relies only on the volume of bound ligand, it can be generally applied to detecting a wide range of ligand-receptor binding reactions.

Antigen-Antibody Reactions↗