Fatal buckwheat dependent exercised-induced anaphylaxis.

Abstract

Cases of food-dependent exercise-induced anaphylaxis (FEA) caused by buckwheat have been rare. Clinical, laboratory, and autopsy findings are present on an 8-year old girl with FEA caused by Japanese buckwheat. The patient consumed buckwheat noodles called "zaru soba" and immediately thereafter swam vigorously. Approximately 30 minutes later, she complained of abdominal pain, vomiting, coughing, and chest discomfort. Another ten minutes later her consciousness level deteriorated and she experienced cardiorespiratory arrest. The heart beat was restored and she was admitted to the hospital. She never regained consciousness and expired after another arrest 13 days later. Her IgE level was high (2,840 IU/ml) and the IgE-radioallergosorbent test (RAST) score was 2 for soybeans, 3 for buckwheat, 2 for rice, and 3 for wheat. An exaggerated hematemesis that occurred immediately after hospital admission indicated an inflammatory condition of the digestive tract that was caused by buckwheat. Marked ulceration accompanied with hemorrhage and necrosis was noted at the ileum. Extensive hemorrhage involving the endotracheal pulmonary field and lymphocyte infiltration of the alveolar space likely appeared after the inflammation. The analysis of buckwheat-specific IgE antibody by immunoblotting showed 7 bands that reacted with the IgE of the patient's serum, 4 bands: 16, 20, 24, and 58 kDa, were specific to the patient as compared to subjects not allergic to buckwheat. A first case of fatal FEA by buckwheat is reported with reference to specific IgE.