PubMed · 12134393
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Michael B Miller. Self-etching adhesives: solving the sensitivity conundrum.. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12134393/
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OBJECTIVES: To examine the effects of an experimental bonding technique that reduces the permeability of the adhesive layer on the coupling of resin cements to dentine. METHODS: Extracted human third molars had their mid to deep dentin surface exposed flat by transversally sectioning the crowns. Resin composite overlays were constructed and cemented to the surfaces using either Panavia F (Kuraray) or Bistite II DC (Tokuyama) resin cements mediated by their respective one-step or two-step self-etch adhesives. Experimental groups were prepared in the same way, except that the additional layer of a low-viscosity bonding resin (LVBR, Scotchbond Multi-Purpose Plus, 3M ESPE) was placed on the bonded dentine surface before luting the overlays with the respective resin cements. The bonded assemblies were stored for 24 h in water at 37 degrees C and subsequently prepared for microtensile bond strength testing. Beams of approximately 0.8 mm(2) were tested in tension at 0.5 mm/min in a universal tester. Fractured surfaces were examined under scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Additional specimens were prepared and examined with TEM using a silver nitrate-staining technique. RESULTS: Two-way ANOVA showed significant interactions between materials and bonding protocols (p<0.05). When bonded according to manufacturer's directions, Panavia F produced bond strengths that were significantly lower than Bistite II DC (p<0.05). The placement of an additional layer of a LVBR improved significantly the bond strengths of Panavia F (p<0.05), but not of Bistite II DC (p>0.05). SEM observation of the fractured surfaces in Panavia F showed rosette-like features that were exclusive for specimens bonded according to manufacturer's directions. Such features corresponded well with the ultrastructure of the interfaces that showed more nanoleakage associated with the more permeable adhesive interface. The application of the additional layer of the LVBR reduced the amount of silver impregnation for both adhesives suggesting that reduced permeability of the adhesives resulted in improved coupling of the resin cements to dentin. CONCLUSIONS: Placement of an intermediate layer of a LVBR between the bonded dentine surface and the resin cements resulted in improved coupling of Panavia F to dentine.
OBJECTIVES: This study evaluated the microleakage and internal seal of fissure sealants placed by use of self-etching priming agents in comparison to phosphoric acid etching of enamel. METHODS: Seventy-two caries-free extracted human molars were divided into six groups with 12 teeth each. Occlusal surfaces were cleansed by either pumicing (Groups I, III, V) or by 15-s air-abrasion treatment with 25 microm aluminum oxide particles (Groups II, IV, VI). Fissures were sealed with the self-etching priming systems, Clearfil Liner Bond 2 (Groups I, II) or Resulcin AquaPrime (Groups III, IV). In Groups V and VI, sealants were placed after phosphoric acid etching. Half of the teeth in each group were thermocycled. After staining with 0.5% methylene blue, the teeth were sectioned for evaluation of microleakage. Internal adaptation of the fissure sealants was analyzed by SEM on replicas of cross sections. RESULTS: Independent of the methods used for cleansing of the occlusal surfaces, fissure sealants in Groups I and II showed significantly more microleakage and less sufficient internal seal as compared to sealants placed in Groups III to VI. Sealants placed by Resulcin AquaPrime (Groups III, IV) leaked significantly more than sealants applied after phosphoric acid etching (Groups V, VI) of the enamel. However, statistical analysis (H-test) did not reveal significant differences concerning the internal adaptation of sealants placed in Groups III, IV, V and VI. CONCLUSIONS: Concerning the microleakage data, use of the self-etching bonding systems, Clearfil Liner Bond 2 and Resulcin AquaPrime, cannot be recommended for fissure sealing, since the sealing ability is less effective as compared to the conventional acid-etching technique.
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: Although they are widely available, there is insufficient information about the capability of self-etching adhesives in sealing the margins of resin composite restorations. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to compare the in vitro microleakage of Class V resin composite restorations placed using a strong pH self-etching adhesive, an intermediate pH self-etching adhesive, and an adhesive with a separate etchant and primer. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Class V resin composite restorations (n = 8) were placed in prepared cavities in extracted human third molars using 2 self-etching dentin adhesives, Prompt L-Pop (Strong pH) or One-Up Bond F (Intermediate pH), and an adhesive with a separate etchant and primer, ScotchBond Multi-Purpose. The restored teeth received 1000 thermal cycles between 5 degrees C and 55 degrees C water baths with a 1-minute dwell time and were subsequently subjected to a methylene blue dye challenge and sectioned. The sectioned specimens were scored as demonstrating none, slight, or severe leakage (n=16). Ranked data were analyzed using a 1-way analysis of variance at a 5% confidence level. RESULTS: The only leakage observed was along gingival margins, with an incidence of 31% for Prompt L-Pop and One-Up Bond F, and 50% for ScotchBond Multi-Purpose. CONCLUSION: No significant differences in marginal leakage were found among the adhesives tested.