PubMed · 12164175
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2002-07-19. Data processor with AIDS successfully alleges retaliation.. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12164175/
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OBJECTIVE: To estimate AIDS-related adult mortality using verbal autopsies (VA) in a rural sub-Saharan African setting with high HIV prevalence. DESIGN: VA data were collected from relatives and neighbors that described the circumstances leading to death for 92 adults in three rural areas of Malawi. These adults were initially interviewed in 1998 as part of a longitudinal social survey of a sample of 1554 women and 1126 men, and their deaths occurred between then and a 3-year follow-up interview in 2001. METHODS: AIDS-related deaths were identified using a standard World Health Organization (WHO) algorithm and this observed number of deaths was compared with the expected number. The expected number is derived from a comparison of adult mortality in this sample with the pre-AIDS mortality levels measured in the 1987 Malawi census, giving an 'excess mortality factor' that can be considered to be AIDS related. It was calculated that 74.9% of observed deaths in 1998-2001 would be from AIDS. RESULTS: According to the WHO algorithm, 75.5% of the VA deaths could be categorized as AIDS deaths. The gender-specific figures were 75.1% for females and 76.3% for males. CONCLUSIONS: Results are consistent with those found in studies conducted in other areas of sub-Saharan Africa at earlier stages in the epidemic. They confirm that VA data can be used to estimate with a reasonable degree of confidence the distribution of AIDS- and non-AIDS-related deaths in the aggregate, even in a rural population with relatively low levels of education.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the genetic background of HIV-1 strains among infected paid blood donors (PBD) in the Henan and Hubei provinces of China. METHODS: The polymerase chain reaction was used to amplify HIV-1 gag p17 fragments and some 5'-half or full-length viral genomes from peripheral blood mononuclear cells. The HIV-1 sequences obtained were analysed using phylogenetic and recombinant approaches. RESULTS: Among the total of 62 samples studied, 59 (95.2%) came from PBD. Of those 59 PBD, 45 were collected from 14 different geographical locations in Henan, whereas the remaining 14 were from five locations in Hubei. A total of 62 HIV-1 gag p17 fragments, three 5'-half and one full HIV-1 genome sequences were obtained. Phylogenetic analysis of these sequences suggests that PBD from Henan and Hubei, despite being geographically distant, harbored a group of genetically closely related HIV-1 B' strains. No recombinant forms have been detected in this cohort. CONCLUSION: Our data indicate that the AIDS epidemic among PBD in Henan and Hubei is caused largely by HIV-1 subtype B', which contrasts greatly with the CB' recombinant strains CRF-07 and CRF-08 currently dominating among the drug abusers in other regions of China. Our report has revealed the first complete genome background of the most dominant circulating HIV-1 strain in Henan and Hubei, which is essential for the design and development of an effective AIDS vaccine for the region.
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