PubMed · 1236969
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R Hirano. 1975. [Red tide].. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1236969/
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Dinoflagellates, a class of unicellular eukaryotic phytoplankton, exhibit minimal transcriptional regulation, representing a unique model for exploring gene expression. The biosynthesis, distribution, regulation, and function of mRNA N1-methyladenosine (m1A) remain controversial due to its limited presence in typical eukaryotic mRNA. This study provides a comprehensive map of m1A in dinoflagellate mRNA and shows that m1A, rather than N6-methyladenosine (m6A), is the most prevalent internal mRNA modification in various dinoflagellate species, with an asymmetric distribution along mature transcripts. In Amphidinium carterae, we identify 6549 m1A sites characterized by a non-tRNA T-loop-like sequence motif within the transcripts of 3196 genes, many of which are involved in regulating carbon and nitrogen metabolism. Enriched within 3'UTRs, dinoflagellate mRNA m1A levels negatively correlate with translation efficiency. Nitrogen depletion further decreases mRNA m1A levels. Our data suggest that distinctive patterns of m1A modification might influence the expression of metabolism-related genes through translational control.
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A summary is given on ecological and hygienic problems of coastal waters, beginning with an outline of the different standpoints in ecology and hygiene. Because of close interrelationships between these fields, the hygienist is introduced to the ecological problems of the Baltic Sea. Hygienic questions have drawn attention because of the so-called Baltic Sea disease (Red tides?--Indication of virus contamination by bacterial indicators of faeces?). On the basis of the results of a two-year authoritative study of the German Baltic Sea coast, a discussion is presented on 1) the relationship between the coli titer and the frequency of salmonella detection, 2) the necessity of routine tests for salmonella, 3) aims of bacteriological cleanliness, 4) the importance of chemical parameters for evaluation, 5) necessary measures for prevention of pollution of the water and beaches of the Baltic Sea. Emphasis is placed on the fact that for ecological reasons the third stage of sewage purification has attained increased significance. The paper refers repeatedly to international agreements (Baltic Sea Convention of 1974, the 1975 WHO report on the recreational quality of beaches and coastal waters, European Community guidelines of 1975) and their relations to the presented findings and considerations.