PubMed · 12378102
The author describes the three commonly practiced surgical methods in the treatment of mental illness, i.e., cingulotomy, anterior capsulotomy, and posteromedial hypothalamotomy.
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L V Laitinen. 2001. Psychosurgery.. https://doi.org/10.1159/000066724
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Two papers of special interest to the hypnosis community have appeared in the general scientific literatures. One of these papers examines the building blocks of hypnotic response. Using expanded hypnotic protocols and sophisticated multivariate statistical analyses, the authors found evidence for 4 components of hypnotizability: direct motor, motor challenge, perceptual-cognitive, and posthypnotic amnesia. The second paper examines brain correlates of the subjective reality of physically and hypnotically induced pain by tracking regional brain activation across conditions using fMRI. During suggestion-induced pain, the extent to which subjects judged the pain to be real correlated with activity in the rostral and perigenual anterior cingulate cortex and in the medial prefrontal cortex.
The authors forward the hypothesis that social exclusion is experienced as painful because reactions to rejection are mediated by aspects of the physical pain system. The authors begin by presenting the theory that overlap between social and physical pain was an evolutionary development to aid social animals in responding to threats to inclusion. The authors then review evidence showing that humans demonstrate convergence between the 2 types of pain in thought, emotion, and behavior, and demonstrate, primarily through nonhuman animal research, that social and physical pain share common physiological mechanisms. Finally, the authors explore the implications of social pain theory for rejection-elicited aggression and physical pain disorders.
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