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Thoracic radiculopathy.

Ryan C O'Connor·Michael T Andary·Randolph B Russo·Mark DeLano
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Abstract

Thoracic radiculopathy represents an uncommon spinal disorder that is frequently overlooked in the evaluation of spinal pain syndromes. Degenerative disc disease and diabetes mellitus may frequently cause radiculopathy at the thoracic level. Electromyography and magnetic resonance imaging are useful in the evaluation of radiculopathy and thoracic spinal pain syndromes. Percutaneous vertebroplasty is a procedure that may be used in the treatment of thoracic spinal pain syndromes. Surgical intervention for thoracic radiculopathy usually is reserved for patients with progressive myelopathy and neurologic compromise.

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ElectrodiagnosisHumansIntervertebral Disc DisplacementMagnetic Resonance ImagingNeurologic ExaminationRadiculopathySpinal DiseasesSpinal FracturesThoracic VertebraeJournal ArticleReview

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BibTeXRIS

Ryan C O'Connor, Michael T Andary, Randolph B Russo, Mark DeLano. 2002. Thoracic radiculopathy.. https://doi.org/10.1016/s1047-9651(02)00018-9

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PURPOSE OF REVIEW: This review provides an overview of vestibular function testing and highlights the new techniques that have emerged during the past 5 years. RECENT FINDINGS: Since the introduction of video-oculography as an alternative to electro-oculography for the assessment of vestibular-induced eye movements, the investigation of the utricle has become a part of vestibular function testing, using unilateral centrifugation. Vestibular evoked myogenic potentials have become an important test for assessing saccular function, although further standardization and methodological issues remain to be clarified. Galvanic stimulation of the labyrinth also is an evolving test that may become useful diagnostically. SUMMARY: A basic vestibular function testing battery that includes ocular motor tests, caloric testing, positional testing, and earth-vertical axis rotational testing focuses on the horizontal semicircular canal. Newer methods to investigate the otolith organs are being developed. These new tests, when combined with standard testing, will provide a more comprehensive assessment of the complex vestibular organ.

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