[Bioethics in studies on genetic polymorphisms].

Abstract

In studies on human genetic polymorphisms, such as single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), little immediate benefit is expected for the individuals contributing the test samples. Such lack of immediate benefits should be noted in the informed consent form obtained prior to sample collection. Ethical considerations are indispensable in obtaining human samples for any type of human gene analysis, and researchers should respect the human rights of the contributors of the samples. Considerable differences in the guidelines for human gene analysis are seen between internationally distributed guidelines and the guidelines of the Japanese government. Lack of education in human genetics in medical schools in Japan could be a reason underlining this difference, and improvement of such situation is needed.