PubMed · 12582344
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Chris Pasero, Margo McCaffery. 2003. Tramadol.. https://doi.org/10.1097/00000446-200302000-00032
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To design a specific immunotherapy for leukemia patients, the identification of leukemia-associated antigens (LAAs) is a pivotal step. Antileukemic effects after hematopoetic stem cell transplantation for myeloid leukemias are observed and might be related to the recognition of LAAs. Using the serological screening of an expression library (SEREX) of K562 cells, we identified 16 different clones encoding LAAs eliciting a humoral immune response, among them the heat shock proteins HSJ2 and HSP70, the M-phase phosphoprotein 11 (MPP11), the BRCA1-associated protein (BRAP), the Jkappa recombination binding protein (RBPJkappa) and the receptor for hyaluronic acid mediated motility (RHAMM). Serological responses to MPP11 were observed in 7/19 (37%) of patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and 6/16 (38%) of patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), but not in healthy volunteers (0/20). IgG antibodies directed against MPP11 were also detected in 25-50% of the sera of patients with solid tumors such as melanoma, renal cell, ovarian and breast carcinoma. mRNA expression of MPP11 was detected in 20/20 AML patients and 7/10 patients with CML. In normal tissues, strong mRNA expression of MPP11 was only detected in testis. By real-time PCR, we detected upregulation of MPP11 in leukemic blasts. Simultaneous humoral immune responses to 2 or more of the 16 LAAs identified here was observed, suggesting the feasibility of a polyvalent vaccination as an option for immunotherapies in leukemia patients.
This first part of a longitudinal study examined the initial cognitive performance of 312 individuals who recently presented with a first episode (FE) of psychosis. All attend a comprehensive first episode program. Deficits on a wide range of cognitive tests were observed, suggesting impairment similar to that seen in those with an established schizophrenia illness. There was no evidence to support differences in cognition among the different schizophrenia spectrum diagnostic groups.
The goal of the present study was to characterize sleep organization in first episode and neuroleptic-naive patients with schizophrenia and to evaluate relationships between those sleep parameters and clinical symptoms. Eleven patients with acute schizophrenia never treated with neuroleptics were compared to 11 healthy controls. Sleep stages and phasic events (sleep spindles and rapid-eye-movements during REM sleep (REMs) were visually identified. Clinical symptoms were assessed using the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS). Compared to controls, patients with schizophrenia had difficulty initiating sleep, decreased stage 4 duration, reduced rapid eye movement (REM) sleep latency, and normal sleep spindles and REMs densities. Positive symptoms correlated negatively with REM sleep latency. The BPRS total score correlated negatively with REM sleep duration and REMs density. The present results indicate that first episode and neuroleptic-naive patients with schizophrenia have difficulties initiating, but not maintaining, sleep. These results also confirm that the duration of stage 4 and REM sleep latency are reduced in first episode and neuroleptic-naive patients with schizophrenia. The fact that measures of REM sleep correlate with clinical scales of schizophrenia suggests that REM sleep physiology shares common substrates with symptoms of this disease.