PubMed Health⌕ Search

PubMed · 12878833

Bone-marrow stem cells as a source for cell therapy.

Abstract

Bone marrow stroma contains a subgroup of cells which can be guided in vitro to differentiate, and express cardiomyocyte phenotype. In vivo, these cells can become cardiomyocytes when implanted into the myocardium, in response to signals from the microenvironment. They appear to participate in the physiologic healing process of tissue injury, such as myocardial infarction, by being recruited from the bone marrow, traffic via the circulation and home in to the injured site. Thus such cells may be employed to therapeutically augment the myocardial repair for patients who suffer cardiac damages, which may lead to heart failure. Optimization of the cell implant strategy, and further exploration of the preliminary findings that such adult stem cells may be uniquely immuno-tolerant and thus may be used as "universal donors", will further enhance the clinical significance of adult stem cell-based regenerative therapy for heart failure.

Explore related subjects

Keep this discovery

Explore connections, maps & timelines

BibTeXRIS

Ray C-J Chiu. 2003. Bone-marrow stem cells as a source for cell therapy.. https://doi.org/10.1023/a%3A1024769617018

Cite the original work for its findings. Save a collection to share your selection of sources.

KEEP EXPLORING

Related citations

Formation of osteogenic colonies on well-defined adhesion peptides by freshly isolated human marrow cells.

Bone graft performance can be enhanced by addition of connective tissue progenitors (CTPs) from fresh bone marrow in a manner that concentrates the CTP cell population within the graft. Here, we used small peptide adhesion ligands presented against an otherwise adhesion-resistant synthetic polymer background in order to illuminate the molecular basis for the attachment and colony formation by osteogenic CTPs from fresh human marrow, and contrast the behavior of fresh marrow to many commonly used osteogenic cell sources. The linear GRGDSPY ligand was as effective as tissue culture polystyrene in fostering attachment of culture-expanded porcine CTPs. Although this GRGDSPY peptide was more effective than control peptides in fostering alkaline phosphatase (AP)-positive colony formation from primary human marrow in 5 of the 7 patients tested, GRGDSPY was as effective as the control glass substrate in only one patient of 7. Thus, the peptide appears capable of enabling osteoblastic development from only a subpopulation of CTPs in marrow. The bone sialoprotein-derived peptide FHRRIKA was ineffective in fostering attachment of primary culture-expanded pig CTPs, although it was as effective as GRGDSPY in fostering AP-positive colonies from fresh human marrow. This study provides insights into integrin-mediated behaviors of CTPs and highlights differences between freshly isolated marrow and culture-expanded cells.

Bone Marrow Cells↗

Absence of FTL3 mutations in patients with JAK2V617F mutation negative essential thrombocythemia.

A common point mutation in the JAK2 tyrosine kinase leads to constitutive hematopoietic growth factor receptor signaling and was recently described in many patients with myeloproliferative disorders (MPDs). However, this JAK2 mutation is present in only a subset (35-50%) of patients with essential thrombocythemia (ET). Thus, the proliferative signals responsible for MPDs in the absence of JAK2 mutations remain largely unknown. Despite intriguing pre-clinical data, where transgenic mice overexpressing FLT3-ITD developed a MPD resembling ET, none of the patient samples from ET patients who were JAK2(V617F)-negative demonstrated the presence of activating mutations in the FLT3 receptor.

Bone Marrow Cells↗

From the laboratory bench to the patient's bedside: an update on clinical trials with mesenchymal stem cells.

Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) are non-hematopoietic multi-potent stem-like cells that are capable of differentiating into both mesenchymal and non-mesenchymal lineages. In fact, in addition to bone, cartilage, fat, and myoblasts, it has been demonstrated that MSCs are capable of differentiating into neurons and astrocytes in vitro and in vivo. MSCs are of interest because they are isolated from a small aspirate of bone marrow and can be easily expanded in vitro. As such, these cells are currently being tested for their potential use in cell and gene therapy for a number of human diseases. Nevertheless, there are still some open questions about origin, multipotentiality, and anatomical localization of MSCs. In this review, we discuss clinical trials based on the use of MSCs in cardiovascular diseases, such as treatment of acute myocardial infarction, endstage ischemic heart disease, or prevention of vascular restenosis through stem cell-mediated injury repair. We analyze data from clinical trials for treatment of osteogenesis imperfecta (OI), which is a genetic disease characterized by production of defective type I collagen. We describe progress for neurological disease treatment with MSC transplants. We discuss data on amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and on lysosomal storage diseases (Hurler syndrome and metachromatic leukodystrophy). A section of review is dedicated to ongoing clinical trials, involving MSCs in treatment of steroid refractory Graft Versus Host Disease (GVHD); periodontitis, which is a chronic disease affecting periodontium and causing destruction of attachment apparatus, heart failure, and bone fractures. Finally, we will provide information about biotech companies developing MSC therapy.

Bone Marrow Cells↗