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Expression and secretion of the vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 in human placenta and its decrease in fetal growth restriction.

G Rajashekhar·A Loganath·A C Roy·Y C Wong
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Abstract

OBJECTIVE: The vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) is a member of the immunoglobulin gene superfamily and is expressed principally on endothelial cells. The present study was undertaken to compare the expression and secretion of VCAM-1 from normal pregnancies and those complicated by fetal growth restriction (FGR). METHODS: Placentas from first-trimester (FT) (n = 17), normal term (n = 19), and FGR (n = 16) patients were collected immediately after elective cesarean delivery. VCAM-1 mRNA expression profiles by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction, protein levels by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using explant culture in vitro, and its cellular localization by confocal microscopy were compared between FGR and normal placentas. RESULTS: Functionally active placental explants were used to detect immunoreactive VCAM-1 in conditioned media of all the samples from the three groups. The mean levels of VCAM-1 produced by FT villi were found to be 1.9-, 1.7-, and 1.5-fold higher (P <.02) than term villi at 24, 48, and 72 hours of culture, respectively. Conversely, the respective mean levels of VCAM-1 produced by FGR placental villi were 2.3-, 2.5-, and 2.0-fold lower than levels of the normal term placental villi (P <.05). The secretion profiles of VCAM-1 from FT, term, and FGR villi correlated well with the mRNA levels; the amount secreted in FT villi was twice that of term villi. Moreover, mRNA transcripts from FGR pregnancies showed significantly decreased expression, in conformity with explant results. CONCLUSIONS: The presence of VCAM-1 in placental villi and down-regulation of its production at term indicate that VCAM-1 production is specific to developmental stage. The decreased VCAM-1 expression in FGR pregnancy could be attributed to the uteroplacental deficiency that is characteristic of this condition.

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AdultChorionic VilliCulture Media, ConditionedCulture TechniquesEnzyme-Linked Immunosorbent AssayFemaleFetal Growth RetardationGestational AgeHumansPlacentaPregnancyPregnancy Trimester, FirstRNA, MessengerReverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain ReactionVascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1Journal ArticleResearch Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

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G Rajashekhar, A Loganath, A C Roy, Y C Wong. 2003. Expression and secretion of the vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 in human placenta and its decrease in fetal growth restriction.. https://doi.org/10.1016/s1071-5576(03)00121-7

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