PubMed · 13001468
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W C T UPTON. 1952-09-20. Acne.. https://doi.org/10.5694/j.1326-5377.1952.tb94548.x
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BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Laser treatment using a 1,450 nm diode laser has been shown to improve acne and acne scarring. Its widespread adoption in younger populations has been significantly limited by discomfort. STUDY DESIGN/MATERIALS AND METHODS: Six subjects with active papular acne were treated in a pilot study to determine parameters for a split-face, double-pass, low-energy protocol of 1,450 nm laser treatment. Sides of the face were randomized to receive single-pass, high-energy treatment (13-14 J/cm(2)), or double-pass, low energy treatment (8-11 J/cm(2)), for a total of four treatments delivered at monthly intervals. Acne counts and standardized, digital photograph were performed 2 months following the final treatment, and compared to pre-treatment counts and photographs. RESULTS: Improvement was evaluated comparing pre- and post-treatment photos and averaged 2.5 for the high-energy, single-pass side and 2.3 for the low-energy, double-pass side, using a 0 (worse) to 4 (max improvement) scale. Acne counts were reduced 78% on the high-energy, single-pass side and 67% on the low-energy, double-pass side. Pain ratings on a 1 (min) to 10 (max) scale averaged 5.6 (range 1-9) for the high-energy, single-pass side and 1.3 (range 1-2) for the low-energy, double-pass side. CONCLUSIONS: Low-energy, double-pass 1,450 nm laser treatment effectively reduces acne counts 2 months post-treatment, and dramatically reduces the pain associated with treatment. The treatment parameters used in this study have eliminated the need for anesthetic cream in daily practice.
BACKGROUND: Gender aspects are important when assessing the tolerability of antiepileptic drugs (AED). Due to its broad spectrum of action and to the lack of evidence for teratogenicity in monotherapy, lamotrigine (LTG) is an AED of first choice for women with epilepsy with child-bearing potential. METHOD: In an observational study over 6 months including 832 women with epilepsy, we evaluated the efficacy and tolerability of LTG in monotherapy and add-on therapy, with a special focus on parameters of particular importance for women including changes in weight, skin, hair, and patterns of menstruation. RESULTS: Of the treated patients, 94% had seizure reduction of at least 50%. Adverse events occurred in 7.3%; 1% experienced serious adverse events, all of which were reversible. Ninety-six percent continued treatment throughout the observation period, and 83% reported improvement in quality of life by the end of the study. Cognition, functioning at work, and mood improved in 43-54% of patients. In most of them, weight remained stable. Those who were switched from valporate (VPA) or carbamazepine (CPZ) to LTG lost 3.2 kg and 3.1 kg (means), respectively. Many of the women described problems related to menstruation at the beginning of the study: variability in cycle length (31.2%), hypermenorrhea (17.3%), and pains (10%). Skin and hair problems were reported by 18.4% and 17.3%, respectively. There was improvement in all of these aspects at the end of the study, particularly for those women switched from VPA or CBZ to LTG. CONCLUSION: In summary, this observational study confirms the good tolerability of LTG with respect to issues particularly relevant to women. More complete elucidation of the correct LTG dosage, which varies widely according to the accompanying medication, will further improve treatment safety.
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