PubMed · 13230405
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K V SANDERSON. 1955. Congenital ectodermal defect.. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/13230405/
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Many genodermatoses have distinct oral features that may help identify or confirm a genetic diagnosis. Oral features of the disorders described here are summarized in Table 1. These conditions provide clear examples of rapid progress in the field of genetic technology relevant to patient care. Less than a decade ago, the exact genetic locus of most of these disorders was unknown. Today, for many of these disorders, the exact location of the disease-causing mutation is known and clinical genetic testing is available for patients. This information has impact not only for genetic counseling and anticipatory medical care, but also provides insight into the mechanisms of disease. How this rapid progress will impact care, and ultimately treatment of patients, remains to be seen.
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A tense yellow vesicle was noted on the back parietal scalp of a female newborn. This proved to be a bullous variant of aplasia cutis congenita. Only 16 cases of this apparently rare disorder have been previously reported. Histologic evaluation of such lesions reveals a distinct pattern containing fibrovascular stromas, edematous stroma, or both. Identical histologic findings are found in encephaloceles and meningoceles, supporting the recently proposed hypothesis that this variant of aplasia cutis may represent the form fruste of a neural tube closure defect. This disorder should be included in the differential diagnosis of vesicobullous lesions in the neonate. Bullous aplasia cutis congenita is a rare clinical subtype of aplasia cutis congenita with distinctive histologic findings. We present a new case, and summarize the clinical and histologic findings of the 16 cases previously reported in the English-language literature. Bullous or membranous aplasia cutis congenita may represent a form fruste of a neural tube defect.