PubMed · 13351535
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G DUWE, R PIRNAY. 1956-06-09. [Scleroderma].. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/13351535/
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High-quality genomic DNA extraction from basidiomycete fungi remains challenging due to polysaccharide co-purification and nuclease-mediated DNA degradation. We systematically compared 22 experimental conditions combining five DNA extraction methods (one Dellaporta-based method, three CTAB-based variants, and one commercial kit) with five mycelium preparation techniques (scalpel scraping, fungal suspension, silica bead homogenization, liquid fermentation, and liquid nitrogen treatment) for Phanerodontia australis (BRM62389). DNA quality was assessed by 1% agarose gel electrophoresis, NanoDrop spectrophotometry, and Qubit fluorimetry. The optimal protocol combined liquid-fermentation mycelium with an adapted CTAB method, yielding Qubit-quantified concentrations of 34.2 and 62.6 ng/µL (samples S21 and S22), 260/280 ratios of 2.06 and 2.05, 260/230 ratios of 1.88 and 1.85, and no detectable DNA degradation by agarose gel electrophoresis. This protocol enabled whole-genome sequencing, yielding a 37.62 Mb assembly with 98.5% completeness as assessed by BUSCO v5 (basidiomycota_odb10 lineage dataset, n = 1,764). Liquid fermentation is associated with the production of younger, actively growing hyphae with reduced cell wall thickness, and the adapted CTAB method effectively removed residual polysaccharides. This protocol provides a reliable, cost-effective approach for obtaining sequencing-grade DNA from P. australis.
The performance and enzymatic strategy exhibited by basidiomycete Euc-1, a laccase producing strain, was investigated during the biodegradation of olive mill wastewater (OMW). This strain yielded better decolorization of solidified OMW than Phanerochaete chrysosporium and removed 90% of phenols (initial concentration=800 mg l(-1)), 73% of color (initial A465=4.4), and 45% of chemical oxygen demand in batch cultures containing OMW. Since partial phenol removal occurred before the detection of enzymatic activity, no plausible correlation could be established between them. In contrast, decolorization occurred only after the detection of laccase activity and coincided with its production over time. Two laccase fractions (Lac1 and Lac2) were separated by chromatography. OMW strongly induced Lac2 that was almost absent in defined liquid medium. Furthermore, Lac2 was the main laccase fraction in the presence of OMW. This study pointed out that basidiomycete Euc-1 and its ligninolytic system could be a useful tool for the bioremediation of wastewater generated in the process of olive oil extraction.
This paper reports results obtained from microsatellite DNA analysis of genetic structure for populations of the native fungus Cronartium quercuum f. sp fusiforme infecting loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) over much of this host's natural range. Mostly all fusiform rust galls formed under field conditions are produced as a result of infection and colonization by haploid mycelium originating from a single basidiospore of C. quercuum fusiforme. If multiple infections do occur, then only a single haplotype must ultimately dominate and be responsible for gall formation. High levels of microsatellite variability exist in C. quercuum fusiforme and most of this variation occurs within local populations (average 88.4%). A statistically significant proportion, however, is found among populations, and the magnitude of this differentiation is closely associated with geographic distance between populations. Unweighted pair-group mean analysis and principal components analysis both indicate that at least four genetically distinct regional groups of C. quercuum fusiforme exist in the south Atlantic and Gulf coastal plains. In summary, the distribution of genetic variability in C. quercuum fusiforme is consistent with a hypothesis of at least four metapopulations with gene flow occurring less among regions than among populations within regions, and where overall levels of gene migration are related to geographic distance between populations.