PubMed · 13582664
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P M VAN WULFFTEN PALTHE. [Lipothymie].. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/13582664/
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Ionizing radiation-induced adverse biological effects impose serious challenges to astronauts during extended space travel. Of particular concern is the radiation from highly energetic, heavy, charged particles known as HZE particles. The objective of the present study was to characterize HZE particle radiation-induced adverse biological effects and evaluate the effect of D-selenomethionine (SeM) on the HZE particle radiation-induced adverse biological effects. The results showed that HZE particle radiation can increase oxidative stress, cytotoxicity, and cell transformation in vitro, and decrease the total antioxidant status in irradiated Sprague-Dawley rats. These adverse biological effects were all preventable by treatment with SeM, suggesting that SeM is potentially useful as a countermeasure against space radiation-induced adverse effects. Treatment with SeM was shown to enhance ATR and CHK2 gene expression in cultured human thyroid epithelial cells. As ionizing radiation is known to result in DNA damage and both ATR and CHK2 gene products are involved in DNA damage, it is possible that SeM may prevent HZE particle radiation-induced adverse biological effects by enhancing the DNA repair machinery in irradiated cells.
OBJECTIVES: Venous thromboembolism associated with travelling, or economy class syndrome, is increasingly recognised as a sequence of long haul flights and so paradoxical cerebral embolism through a patent foramen ovale. Materials and methods. We present a new case of economy class stroke syndrome and review of the literature using MEDLINE search. RESULTS: Literature review identified 12 additional cases. In most of them, stroke occurred in close approximation with landing of the aircraft following a long-haul flight. Venous thromboembolism was present in 58%, while a patent foramen ovale was diagnosed with contrast echocardiography in all but one case. Our case presented with severe left hemispheric stroke, and significant delay, two days after a long-haul flight. CONCLUSIONS: The small number of reported cases indicates either the rarity of this entity or unawareness of its existence. The true incidence of this condition remains unknown. However, because of treatment implications such as the need to treat venous thromboembolism or close the patent foramen ovale, clinicians should be aware of this entity.
The European Space Agency (ESA) contribution to the International Space Station (ISS) goes much beyond the delivery of hardware like the Columbus Laboratory, its payloads and the Automated Transfer Vehicles. ESA Astronauts will be members of the ISS crew. ESA, according to its commitments as ISS international partner, will be responsible to provide training on its elements and payloads to all ISS crewmembers and medical support for ESA astronauts. The European Astronaut Centre (EAC) in Cologne has developed over more than a decade into the centre of expertise for manned space activities within ESA by contributing to a number of important co-operative spaceflight missions. This role will be significantly extended for ISS manned operations. Apart from its support to ESA astronauts and their onboard operations, EAC will have a key role in training all ISS astronauts on ESA elements and payloads. The medical support of ISS crew, in particular of ESA astronauts has already started. This paper provides an overview on status and further plans in building up this homebase function for ESA astronauts and on the preparation towards Training Readiness for ISS crew training at EAC, Cologne. Copyright 2001 by the European Space Agency. Published by the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Inc., with permission. Released to IAF/IAA/AIAA to publish in all forms.