PubMed · 13614090
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P MAURICE. [Isolated interauricular communications].. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/13614090/
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The TNM classification is a worldwide benchmark for reporting the extent of malignant disease and is a major prognostic factor in predicting the outcome of patients with cancer. The objectives for cancer staging were defined by the International Union Against Cancer (UICC) TNM Committee almost 50 years ago and are still broadly applicable today. To keep pace with the modern demands of evidence-based practice, the UICC introduced a structured process for introducing changes to the TNM classification. The elements of the TNM process were determined to include the development of unambiguous criteria for the information and documentation required to consider changes in the classification, establishment of a well-defined process for the annual review of relevant literature, formation of site-specific expert panels, and the participation of experts from all over the world in the TNM review process. Communication between the oncology community and those involved in the TNM classification was established as being essential to the success of the process. The process, which was introduced in 2002, will be tested over the next 3-4 years and evaluated. In addition to the formal process, individual initiative, involvement by the national staging committees, and group consensus are required. Furthermore, increased involvement by the experts should improve the understanding and dissemination of the TNM classification.
BACKGROUND: Patient experience has been identified as a national indicator of hospital quality. We describe the changes in patient experiences 1996-2000 for seven Norwegian hospitals. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A patient experience questionnaire was sent to medical and surgical patients in a stratified random sample of hospitals in 1996. The same questionnaire was used in similar surveys in 1998 and 2000. Responses from hospital wards included in all three surveys were compared on ten summated rating scales. Changes were identified by multiple linear regression. RESULTS: Responses from a total of 10 600 patients were analysed. For six scales no change was noted: general satisfaction, information on medication, information on examinations, nursing services, doctor services, and organization. Statistically significant improvement was found for three indices: communication, contact with next-of-kin, and information regarding future complaints. For one scale, scores changed for the worse: hospital and equipment. All changes were small. INTERPRETATION: Patient experiences with Norwegian hospitals did not change much between 1996 and 2000. On some indices, our data indicate slight improvement. Patient assessment of buildings and equipment changed negatively.
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