PubMed · 13615934
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G GASSER. 1958. [Our work program; results & conclusions].. https://doi.org/10.1159/000277373
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We have experimentally quantified calculus fragmentation by Er:YAG laser light. Er:YAG laser light was delivered to an underwater target through a sealed hollow optical fiber. Fragmentation efficiency was obtained for an alumina ball used as a calculus model when sealing caps with various focusing effects were used. Three types of human calculus were analyzed, and their absorption properties at the wavelength of Er:YAG laser light were obtained. The relationships among the absorption properties, calculus constituents, and fragmentation efficiency are discussed.
Although prostatic calculi are relatively common, the etiology of these stones is not clear. We report a case with multiple prostatic calculi causing urinary obstruction and a concomitant bladder stone. We treated these stones endoscopically. We found a lot of different sized stones endoscopically, some protruding into the urethra, some filling different cavities on the prostate. So these cavities suggest prostatic calculi may occur related to intraprostatic reflux in the congenital or acquired diverticulum of the prostatic tissue. In addition, the stone composition of the bladder and prostatic stones was the same. All of these results show that the origin of bladder and prostatic stones can be the same. This case also supports a theory of intraprostatic reflux and urine stasis.
Calcifications in chronic pancreatitis are usually the result of chronic inflammation or altered metabolism. Calcifications can perpetuate the cycle of ductal obstruction and contribute to pain, worsening of pancreatic inflammation, ductal disruption, and deterioration of the exocrine and endocrine function of the gland. Removal of pancreatic duct calculi can reduce pain and improve glandular function. Purely endoscopic stone removal has limited success, because of stone location, burden, and presence of strictures in the pancreatic duct. Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) allows fragmentation of stones refractory to endoscopic methods and facilitates spontaneous stone passage or endoscopic removal. Among the various forms of lithotripters, none is clearly superior to the others. Current data suggest that ESWL is effective in complete duct clearance in up to 50% of patients and in duct decompression and symptomatic improvement in up to 70% of patients. ESWL should be considered as a useful adjunctive tool in the treatment of pancreatic duct calculi.