PubMed · 13705949
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U H GLASS. 1961. Platelet function tests in thrombocythaemia.. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/13705949/
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OBJECTIVES: Platelet storage lesion (PSL) severely impairs platelet function during storage, presenting a major hurdle in transfusion medicine; however, the dynamic interplay between global proteomic changes and post-translational modifications (PTMs) underlying these functional deteriorations remains insufficiently characterized. Here, we report the first comprehensive multi-omics analysis integrating global proteomics, acetylomics, and succinylomics to dissect the molecular dynamics during platelet storage. METHODS: We performed quantification of global proteomics, acetylome and succinylome based on TMT-labeled LC-MS/MS analysis, combined with antibody-affinity enrichment and purification. Dynamic molecular changes and functional transformation of platelet were also characterized under proper conditions stored for 1, 3, 5, 7 days, respectively. RESULTS: We systematically characterized 3,609 proteins, 1,308 acetylation sites, and 1,947 succinylation sites across multiple storage time points (D1, D3, D5, D7). We distinct temporal patterns of post-translational modifications, with succinylation showing more extensive coverage than acetylation in platelets. Pathway enrichment analysis revealed extensive metabolic reprogramming involving complement activation, energy metabolism, and cellular detoxification processes. The identification of specific motif patterns provided mechanistic insights into the functional specificity of these modifications. Random forest machine learning identified 20 core regulatory proteins representing critical nodes in PSL development. Furthermore, we employed real - time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT - QPCR) to measure the expression levels of key genes related to platelet function and PTM - associated pathways. CONCLUSION: By mapping the interplay between proteomic abundance shifts and PTM dynamics, this study provides a multidimensional understanding of PSL, establishing a foundational framework for optimizing storage protocols and enhancing transfusion safety.
Self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) on coinage metal provide versatile modeling systems for studies of interfacial electron transfer, biological interactions, molecular recognition, and other interfacial phenomena. Recently, the bonding of enzyme to SAMs of alkanethiols onto Au electrode surfaces was exploited to produce a bio-sensing system. In this work, the attachment of trypsin to a SAMs surface of 11-mercaptoundecanoic acid was achieved using water soluble 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide and N-hydroxysulfosuccinimide as coupling agent. Experimental results have revealed that the X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) C1s core levels at 286.3 and 286.5 eV (C with N), 288.1 eV (amide bond), and 289.3 eV (carboxyl) illustrate the immobilization of trypsin. These data were also in good agreement with Fourier-Transformed Infrared Reflection-Attenuated Total Reflection (FTIR-ATR) spectra for the peaks valued at 1659.4 cm(-1) (amide I) and 1546.6 cm(-1) (amide II). Using electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (ESI-MS/MS) observations, analytical results have demonstrated the platelet proteins digestion of the immobilized trypsin on the functionalized SAMs surface. For such surfaces, platelet proteins were digested on the trypsin-immobilized SAMs surface, which shows the enzyme digestion ability of the immobilized trypsin. The terminal groups of the SAMs structure can be further functionalized with biomolecules or antibodies to develop surface-base diagnostics, biosensors, or biomaterials.
S-nitrosothiols (RSNOs) regulate several aspects of platelet physiology including inhibition of activation, adhesion and aggregation. PDI (protein disulphide-isomerase) has recently been found to be localized to the cell surface, where it exhibits both disulphide-exchange and denitrosation activities. The disulphide-exchange activity of PDI has been linked to aspects of platelet aggregation. The present study suggests that the metabolism of RSNOs by platelets is a function of PDI denitrosation activity. Exposure of washed human platelets to increasing concentrations of GSNO (S-nitrosoglutathione) resulted in saturable denitrosation kinetics. The presence of known PDI inhibitors phenylarsine oxide and anti-PDI antibodies prevented GSNO denitrosation. The fact that, in the presence of GSNO plus the cell-permeable guanylate cyclase inhibitor 1H-[1,2,4]oxadiazolo-[4,3-a]quinoxaline-1-one, the initial rates of ADP-induced platelet aggregation and the maximum DeltaOD were diminished by approximately 40% shows that RSNOs have dual inhibitory effects on platelets, which are mediated through PDI. First, PDI denitrosates RSNOs, releasing NO that, via the guanylate cyclase/G-kinase route, attenuates platelet activation. Secondly, RSNOs are denitrosated at the same PDI-active site that catalyses the disulphide bond formation between integrins and their ligands, thereby attenuating irreversible aggregation.