PubMed · 13801327
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O BLANPIN, R BARBIE, M MAYNIER. [Pharmacodynamic study of a non-ionic surface-active agent].. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/13801327/
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We have measured the attractive long-range 'hydrophobic' forces in water between double-chained surfactant monolayers physisorbed on mica. We used both normal and high-speed video cameras to follow the dynamics and possible rate-dependence of force-distance profiles in the distance regime from 1000 A to adhesive contact, including the short-distance regime below 100 A-the regime of greatest biological interest. We find that the hydrophobic interaction follows a double-exponential function down to separations of approximately 50 A, after which point the attractive force appears to become considerably stronger.
Drop breakup in a linear extensional flow is simulated numerically using a nonlinear model for the surface tension that accounts for maximum packing at the interface. Surface convection sweeps surfactant to the drop poles, where it accumulates and drives the surface tension to near zero. The drop assumes a transient shape with highly pointed tips. From these tips, thin liquid threads are pulled. Subsequently, small, surfactant-rich droplets are emitted from the termini of these threads. The scale of the shed drops depends on the initial surfactant coverage. Dilute initial coverage leads to tip streaming, while high initial coverage leads to the tip dropping breakup mode.
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