PubMed · 14017377
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R A BUTLER, V HONRUBIA, B M JOHNSTONE, C FERNANDEZ. 1962. Cochlear function under metabolic impairment.. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14017377/
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Knowledge of vibratory patterns in the cochlea is crucial to understanding the stimulation of mechanosensory cells. Experiments to determine the motion of the cochlear partition and surrounding fluid are extremely challenging. As a result, the motion data are incomplete and often contradictory. The bending mechanism of hair bundles, thought to be related to the shear motion and endolymphatic flow between the tectorial membrane (TM) and reticular lamina (RL), is controversial. We, therefore, extend the frequency range of our previous hybrid analytical-finite-element approach to model the basal as well as apical regions of the guinea pig cochlea. We solve the fluid-solid interaction eigenvalue problem for the axial wavenumber, fluid pressure, and vibratory relative motions of the cochlear partition as a function of frequency. A simple monophasic vibratory mode of the basilar membrane is found at both ends of the cochlea. However, this simple movement is associated with a complex frequency-dependent relative deformation between the TM and the RL. We provide evidence of a radial component of TM motion that is out of phase with the RL and that facilitates the bending of outer hair cell stereocilia at appropriate frequencies at both the cochlear base and apex.
Surface and bulk modification techniques of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) polymers were used to develop a new intracochlear electrode that can closely hug the inner wall of scala tympani. Laser-induced surface grafting of poly (2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA) and sequential method for preparation of interpenetrating polymer networks (IPNs) of PDMS/PHEMA were, respectively, used for surface and bulk modifications. The hydrogel content and water-uptake capability of the modified samples were optimized by Taguchi method for experimental design. The modified PDMS samples were examined by performing attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy, water contact-angle measurement, and peel strength tests. The performances of actual-sized fabricated electrodes were assessed inside a transparent model of scala tympani, which was filled with saline. After a swelling process, the hydrophilic branch begins to elongate and detach from hydrophobic branch and pushes it toward the inner wall.
OBJECTIVE: To identify bony labyrinth defects as causing symptoms that might otherwise be difficult to understand. DESIGN: Imaging investigation on cases of lowered vestibular evoked myogenic potentials (VEMP) threshold. SETTING: Academic tertiary case-referral medical center. PATIENTS: One patient with continuous bilateral tinnitus. INTERVENTIONS: High-resolution computed tomography of petrous bone was performed after audiometry, impedance, and VEMP recording. RESULTS: We found a previously unreported dehiscence of the bony plate between the basal turn of the cochlea and the carotid canal. CONCLUSIONS: A VEMP study could prompt diagnostic imaging tests that might otherwise be neglected. Moreover, it is important to consider the possibility of a bony dehiscence involving not just the semicircular canals.