PubMed · 14039921
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M UZAN. 1962-03-25. [Insulin and its unknown properties].. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14039921/
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The physico-chemical features of the NADPH-thioredoxin reductase (TRR) and two thioredoxins from Streptomyces aureofaciens (A14) are reported. The activity of pure S. aureofaciens thioredoxin reductase decreased drastically in the presence of NADPH or NADH while NADP(+), NAD(+), as well as S. aureofaciens thioredoxin-1 (TR1) activated the enzyme activity significantly. TR1 fully protected the enzyme from inactivation and also promoted its complete reactivation. S. aureofaciens thioredoxin-2 (TR2) did not protect thioredoxin reductase from NADPH inactivation. The results indicate that although the two thioredoxins from S. aureofaciens have similar biochemical properties, their essential oxidoreductase activities are not interchangeable.
Adaptation to efficient heterologous expression is a prerequisite for recombinant proteins to fulfill their clinical and biotechnological potential. We describe a rational strategy to optimize the secretion efficiency in yeast of an insulin precursor by structure-based engineering of the folding stability. The yield of a fast-acting insulin analogue (Asp(B28)) expressed in yeast was enhanced 5-fold by engineering a specific interaction between an aromatic amino acid in the connecting peptide and a phenol binding site in the hydrophobic core of the molecule. This insulin precursor is characterized by significantly enhanced folding stability. The improved folding properties enhanced the secretion efficiency of the insulin precursor from 10 to 50%. The precursor remains fully in vitro convertible to mature fast-acting insulin.
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