PubMed · 14128125
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C A TEIJGELER. 1964-01-31. [THIN LAYER CHROMATOGRAPHY. III].. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14128125/
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Both spatial and temporal peaks that are produced by the discrete parcel model can be mathematically approximated by Gaussian functions, but the transformation from a spatial pattern to a temporal image requires a convolution treatment. A first-order convolution is given for temporal peaks under a linear isotherm, whereas a second-order convolution is proposed for those under non-linear isotherms. Numerical tests show that the peak shapes generated by the proposed temporally convoluted Gaussian equations (TCG) match perfectly with those obtained by the discrete parcel model. Although the full TCG equation may be quite complicated, it can be made easier by a recursion calculation technique, and a group of peak curves can be plotted simultaneously on computer worksheet. The results also suggest that the temporal distortion effect should be predominately considered, in addition to those known-to-exist spatial effects, for explaining the peak asymmetry.
UNLABELLED: Expressed sequence tags (ESTs) offer a low-cost approach to gene discovery and are being used by an increasing number of laboratories to obtain sequence information for a wide variety of organisms. The challenge lies in processing and organizing this data within a genomic context to facilitate large scale analyses. Here we present PartiGene, an integrated sequence analysis suite that uses freely available public domain software to (1) process raw trace chromatograms into sequence objects suitable for submission to dbEST; (2) place these sequences within a genomic context; (3) perform customizable first-pass annotation of the data; and (4) present the data as HTML tables and an SQL database resource. PartiGene has been used to create a number of non-model organism database resources including NEMBASE (http://www.nematodes.org) and LumbriBase (http://www.earthworms.org/). The packages are readily portable, freely available and can be run on simple Linux-based workstations. AVAILABILITY: PartiGene is available from http://www.nematodes.org/PartiGene and also forms part of the EST analysis software, associated with the Natural Environmental Research Council (UK) Bio-Linux project (http://envgen.nox.ac.uk/biolinux.html).
Self-decomposition of the nickel(III) doubly deprotonated peptide complex of Gly2HisGly occurs by base-assisted oxidation of the peptide. At < or =p[H+] 7.0, the major pathway is a four-electron oxidation (via 4 Ni(III) complexes) at the alpha carbon of the N-terminal glycyl residue. The product of this oxidation is oxamylglycylhistidylglycine, which hydrolyzes to yield ammonia and oxalylglycylhistidylglycine. Both of these peptide products decompose to give isocyanatoacetylhistidylglycine. A small amount (2%) of oxidative decarboxylation also is observed. In another major pathway above p[H+] 7.0, two Ni(III)-peptide complexes coordinate via an oxo bridge in the axial positions to form a reactive dimer species. This dimer generates two Ni(II)-peptide radical intermediates that cross-link at the alpha carbons of the N-terminal glycyl residues. In 0.13 mM Ni(III)-peptide at p[H+] 10.3, this pathway accounts for 60% of the reaction. The cross-linked peptide is subject to oxidation via atmospheric O2, where the 2,3-diaminobutanedioic acid is converted to a 2,3-diaminobutenedioic acid. The products observed at <p[H+] 7.0 are observed here as well, although in lower yields. The reactivity of Ni(III)(H(-2)Gly2HisGly) is significantly different than that of Cu(III)(H(-2)Gly2HisGly), which undergoes a two-electron oxidation at the histidyl residue with no peptide-peptide cross-linking in basic solution.