PubMed · 14218588
The source did not provide an abstract. Follow the original record for more information.
Explore connections, maps & timelines
S Brenner, A O Stretton. 1964. THE AMBER MUTATION.. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14218588/
Cite the original work for its findings. Save a collection to share your selection of sources.
KEEP EXPLORING
UNLABELLED: Workers in the amber-processing industry are heavily exposed to amber dust during the cutting and grinding. Nothing is known about the effect on the lung of inhalation of amber dust. We studied the histological changes after subcutaneous injection of amber dust in man and the rat and after inhalation of amber dust in the rat. RESULTS: 1. The subcutaneous injection of amber dust led to acute inflammation and later to inflammation with large numbers of macrophages and giant cells, forming giant cell granulomas. 2. There was brisk phagocytosis of the amber dust by macrophages. Digestion of amber could not be identified with certainty. 3. Moderate inhalation of amber led to intraalveolar and intrabronchial phagocytosis, predominantly by macrophages. 4. After intense, repeated inhalation (4 and 6 1/2 months post-inhalation) peribronchiolar foreign body granulomas and fibroblasts were seen. In contrast to the findings in the skin (probably related to grinding paste), no epithelioid cell granulomas were found in the lung. The tissue reactions in man are similar to those in the rat. The inflammatory and fibrotic interstitial reactions observed in the rat lung after prolonged intense exposure to amber dust suggest that chronic pulmonary damage ("chronic amber lung") could occur as a result of occupational exposure to amber dust during cutting/polishing.
This paper reviews the contributions of analytical Raman spectroscopy to the non-destructive characterisation of biological materials of relevance to forensic science investigations, including the sourcing of resins and the identification of the biodegradation of art and archaeological artefacts. The advantages of Raman spectroscopy for non-destructive analysis are well-appreciated; however, the ability to record molecular information about organic and inorganic species present in a heterogeneous specimen at the same time, the insensitivity of the Raman scattering process to water and hydroxyl groups, which removes the necessity for sample desiccation, and the ease of illumination for samples of very small and very large sizes and unusual shapes are also apparent. Several examples are used to illustrate the application of Raman spectroscopic techniques to the characterisation of forensic biomaterials and for the preservation of cultural heritage through case studies in the following areas: wall-paintings and rock art, human and animal tissues and skeletal remains, fabrics, resins and ivories.
Two inclusions in a piece of Upper Cretaceous (Albian) Burmese amber from Myanmar are described as a harvestman (Arachnida: Opiliones), Halitherses grimaldii new genus and species. The first Mesozoic harvestman to be named can be referred to the suborder Dyspnoi for the following reasons: prosoma divided into two regions, the posterior formed by the fusion of the meso- and metapeltidium; palp lacking a terminal claw, with clavate setae, and tarsus considerably shorter than the tibia. The bilobed, anteriorly projecting ocular tubercle is reminiscent of that of ortholasmatine nemastomatids. The status of other Mesozoic fossils referred to Opiliones is briefly reviewed.