PubMed · 14219213
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N L CHAYET. 1965-01-07. MALPRACTICE--A RECENT CASE.. https://doi.org/10.1056/nejm196501072720109
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The International Mesothelioma Interest Group sponsored its 7th international meeting in Brescia, Italy from June 24-26, 2004. The meeting, entitled 'How advanced technology and new drugs are changing the perspectives of patients with malignant mesothelioma', was organized by Luciano Mutti (Vercelli, Italy) and GF Tassi (Brescia, Italy) and was attended by 350 participants. The general tone of the meeting was that real progress is now coming in the understanding of mesothelioma biology, progress that may soon translate into improved treatment options. The investigators and clinicians agreed on the importance of referring patients with mesothelioma to centers with expertise where patients can receive the best available treatments and can be offered entry into clinical trials of new and promising agents.
The recruitment of monocytes appears to be a crucial factor for inflammatory lung disease. Alveolar epithelial cells contribute to monocyte influx into the lung, but their impact on monocyte inflammatory capacity is not entirely clear. We thus analyzed the modulation of monocyte oxidative burst by A549 and isolated human alveolar epithelial cells. Epithelial infection with Moraxella catarrhalis induced monocyte adhesion, transepithelial migration, and superoxide generation, whereas stimulation with lipopolysaccharide, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-1beta, or interferon-gamma induced adhesion or transmigration, but failed to initiate monocyte burst. The effect of microbial challenge was mimicked by phorbol myristate acetate and inhibited by the protein kinase C inhibitor bisindoylmaleimide. Furthermore, evidence for a role of platelet-activating factor-signaling in monocytes is presented. Monocyte burst was neither induced by supernatant nor affected by fixation of A549 cells, excluding the contribution of epithelium-derived soluble factors but emphasizing the mandatory role of intercellular contact. The employment of blocking antibodies, however, denied a role for the adhesion molecules intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1, or CD11b/CD18 and CD49d/CD29. In essence, infection of alveolar epithelial cells with M. catarrhalis might amplify the inflammatory capacity of invading monocytes eliciting their superoxide production. The epithelial response to this microbial challenge thus clearly differed from that to proinflammatory cytokines.
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