Eyelid anatomy.

Abstract

BACKGROUND: The following anatomic information concerning the complex structure of the eyelids is distilled from gross and histologic study as well as surgical experience. OBJECTIVE: Our aim is to familiarize the reader with eyelid anatomy. CONCLUSION: Appropriate shape, contour, height and mobility of the lids are essential to adequate protection and function of the eyes as well as overall appearance. A thorough understanding of eyelid anatomy is therefore necessary to achieve optimal surgical results. For the purpose of this discussion the eyelids can be divided into the following structural planes: 1) skin and subcutaneous tissue; 2) orbicularis muscle and submuscular fibroadipose layer; 3) orbital septum; 4) preaponeurotic fat; 5) eyelid retractors; and 6) the tarsi and conjunctiva.