PubMed · 14311135
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G L FEOFILOV. 1964. [BRONCHIAL DIVERTICULUM].. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14311135/
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Over the last few years developments have been concentrated on the diagnostic and therapeutic properties of bronchoscopy. Autofluorescence and fluorescence bronchoscopy significantly enhance the detection rate of premalignant and early neoplastic endobronchial lesions. Unfortunately, this technique is hampered by a low specificity. Endobronchial ultrasound examination is the first tool that has enabled the bronchoscopist to get an impression of the tracheal wall beyond its epithelial surface including the mediastinal and the hilar structures. Currently, the complexity of the procedure prevents its widespread application. Intervention bronchoscopy involves mechanical and laser removal of processes that may impede the central airways. Electrocauterization and laser dissection are regularly used to remove intrabronchial tumour depositions. Airway stenting is indicated if there are stenoses caused by compression from abnormalities located externally to the airways.
Recently, the use of tracheobronchial stents has increased greatly sue to the advantages of easy placement and prompt airway relief. in addition, trachebronchial stents provide an alternative to open surgical procedures in select patients with benign tracheobronchial stenosis or obstruction, in particular those with tracheobronchial tuberculosis. This paper review the indications for tracheobronchial stent placement, appropriate stent selection, pre-procedure evaluation, and the results of stent placement for benign and malignant tracheobronchial strictures.
RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: Introduction of combination of the segmentation tool SegoMeTex and the virtual endoscopy system VIVENDI to perform virtual endoscopic inspections of the human lung. This virtual bronchoscopy system enables visualization of the tracheobronchial tree down to seventh generation. Furthermore, the modified virtual system visualizes hidden structures such as segmented vascular system or tumors. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The segmentation is based on image data acquired by a multislice computed tomography scanner. SegoMeTex is used to segment the tracheobronchial tree by a hybrid system with minimal user action. Similarly, the complementary pulmonary arterial can be segmented, whereas additional structures such as tumors are marked manually. On this dataset, subsequently, data structures of the inner surface for virtual endoscopy are generated. Finally, the dataset can be explored by a virtual bronchoscopy procedure using the VIVENDI system. RESULTS: The segmentation method was successfully tested on 22 patients. The hybrid segmentation system identified bronchi up to the sixth generation with a sensitivity of more than 58%, and a positive predictive value of more than 90%. After the segmentation, the datasets are explored interactively (>30 fps on a standard personal computer platform in real-time rendering) using the virtual endoscopy software. The exploration exposed a high-quality reconstruction, even of small structures throughout the dataset. CONCLUSION: Virtual bronchoscopy in combining with a highly sensitive segmentation is a valuable tool for the localization and measurement of stenosis for resection planning.